администрирование таблиц ARP (на основе nft) (ARP table administration (nft-based))
Имя (Name)
arptables - ARP table administration (nft-based)
Синопсис (Synopsis)
arptables [-t table] -[AD] chain rule-specification [options]
arptables [-t table] -[RI] chain rulenum rule-specification
[options]
arptables [-t table] -D chain rulenum [options]
arptables [-t table] -[LFZ] [chain] [options]
arptables [-t table] -[NX] chain
arptables [-t table] -E old-chain-name new-chain-name
arptables [-t table] -P chain target [options]
Описание (Description)
arptables is a user space tool, it is used to set up and maintain
the tables of ARP rules in the Linux kernel. These rules inspect
the ARP frames which they see. arptables is analogous to the
iptables user space tool, but arptables is less complicated.
CHAINS
The kernel table is used to divide functionality into different
sets of rules. Each set of rules is called a chain. Each chain
is an ordered list of rules that can match ARP frames. If a rule
matches an ARP frame, then a processing specification tells what
to do with that matching frame. The processing specification is
called a 'target'. However, if the frame does not match the
current rule in the chain, then the next rule in the chain is
examined and so forth. The user can create new (user-defined)
chains which can be used as the 'target' of a rule.
TARGETS
A firewall rule specifies criteria for an ARP frame and a frame
processing specification called a target. When a frame matches a
rule, then the next action performed by the kernel is specified
by the target. The target can be one of these values: ACCEPT,
DROP, CONTINUE, RETURN, an 'extension' (see below) or a user-
defined chain.
ACCEPT means to let the frame through. DROP means the frame has
to be dropped. CONTINUE means the next rule has to be checked.
This can be handy to know how many frames pass a certain point in
the chain or to log those frames. RETURN means stop traversing
this chain and resume at the next rule in the previous (calling)
chain. For the extension targets please see the TARGET
EXTENSIONS section of this man page.
TABLES
There is only one ARP table in the Linux kernel. The table is
filter. You can drop the '-t filter' argument to the arptables
command. The -t argument must be the first argument on the
arptables command line, if used.
-t, --table
filter, is the only table and contains two built-in
chains: INPUT (for frames destined for the host) and
OUTPUT (for locally-generated frames).
ARPTABLES COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS
After the initial arptables command line argument, the remaining
arguments can be divided into several different groups. These
groups are commands, miscellaneous commands, rule-specifications,
match-extensions, and watcher-extensions.
COMMANDS
The arptables command arguments specify the actions to perform on
the table defined with the -t argument. If you do not use the -t
argument to name a table, the commands apply to the default
filter table. With the exception of the -Z command, only one
command may be used on the command line at a time.
-A, --append
Append a rule to the end of the selected chain.
-D, --delete
Delete the specified rule from the selected chain. There
are two ways to use this command. The first is by
specifying an interval of rule numbers to delete, syntax:
start_nr[:end_nr]. Using negative numbers is allowed, for
more details about using negative numbers, see the -I
command. The second usage is by specifying the complete
rule as it would have been specified when it was added.
-I, --insert
Insert the specified rule into the selected chain at the
specified rule number. If the current number of rules
equals N, then the specified number can be between -N and
N+1. For a positive number i, it holds that i and i-N-1
specify the same place in the chain where the rule should
be inserted. The number 0 specifies the place past the
last rule in the chain and using this number is therefore
equivalent with using the -A command.
-R, --replace
Replaces the specified rule into the selected chain at the
specified rule number. If the current number of rules
equals N, then the specified number can be between 1 and
N. i specifies the place in the chain where the rule
should be replaced.
-P, --policy
Set the policy for the chain to the given target. The
policy can be ACCEPT, DROP or RETURN.
-F, --flush
Flush the selected chain. If no chain is selected, then
every chain will be flushed. Flushing the chain does not
change the policy of the chain, however.
-Z, --zero
Set the counters of the selected chain to zero. If no
chain is selected, all the counters are set to zero. The
-Z command can be used in conjunction with the -L command.
When both the -Z and -L commands are used together in this
way, the rule counters are printed on the screen before
they are set to zero.
-L, --list
List all rules in the selected chain. If no chain is
selected, all chains are listed.
-N, --new-chain
Create a new user-defined chain with the given name. The
number of user-defined chains is unlimited. A user-defined
chain name has maximum length of 31 characters.
-X, --delete-chain
Delete the specified user-defined chain. There must be no
remaining references to the specified chain, otherwise
arptables will refuse to delete it. If no chain is
specified, all user-defined chains that aren't referenced
will be removed.
-E, --rename-chain
Rename the specified chain to a new name. Besides
renaming a user-defined chain, you may rename a standard
chain name to a name that suits your taste. For example,
if you like PREBRIDGING more than PREROUTING, then you can
use the -E command to rename the PREROUTING chain. If you
do rename one of the standard arptables chain names,
please be sure to mention this fact should you post a
question on the arptables mailing lists. It would be wise
to use the standard name in your post. Renaming a standard
arptables chain in this fashion has no effect on the
structure or function of the arptables kernel table.
MISCELLANOUS COMMANDS
-V, --version
Show the version of the arptables userspace program.
-h, --help
Give a brief description of the command syntax.
-j, --jump target
The target of the rule. This is one of the following
values: ACCEPT, DROP, CONTINUE, RETURN, a target extension
(see TARGET EXTENSIONS) or a user-defined chain name.
-c, --set-counters PKTS BYTES
This enables the administrator to initialize the packet
and byte counters of a rule (during INSERT, APPEND,
REPLACE operations).
RULE-SPECIFICATIONS
The following command line arguments make up a rule specification
(as used in the add and delete commands). A "!" option before the
specification inverts the test for that specification. Apart from
these standard rule specifications there are some other command
line arguments of interest.
-s, --source-ip [!] address[/mask]
The Source IP specification.
-d, --destination-ip [!] address[/mask]
The Destination IP specification.
--source-mac [!] address[/mask]
The source mac address. Both mask and address are written
as 6 hexadecimal numbers separated by colons.
--destination-mac [!] address[/mask]
The destination mac address. Both mask and address are
written as 6 hexadecimal numbers separated by colons.
-i, --in-interface [!] name
The interface via which a frame is received (for the INPUT
chain). The flag --in-if is an alias for this option.
-o, --out-interface [!] name
The interface via which a frame is going to be sent (for
the OUTPUT chain). The flag --out-if is an alias for this
option.
-l, --h-length length[/mask]
The hardware length (nr of bytes)
--opcode code[/mask]
The operation code (2 bytes). Available values are:
1=Request 2=Reply 3=Request_Reverse 4=Reply_Reverse
5=DRARP_Request 6=DRARP_Reply 7=DRARP_Error
8=InARP_Request 9=ARP_NAK.
--h-type type[/mask]
The hardware type (2 bytes, hexadecimal). Available values
are: 1=Ethernet.
--proto-type type[/mask]
The protocol type (2 bytes). Available values are:
0x800=IPv4.
TARGET-EXTENSIONS
arptables extensions are precompiled into the userspace tool. So
there is no need to explicitly load them with a -m option like in
iptables. However, these extensions deal with functionality
supported by supplemental kernel modules.
mangle
--mangle-ip-s IP address
Mangles Source IP Address to given value.
--mangle-ip-d IP address
Mangles Destination IP Address to given value.
--mangle-mac-s MAC address
Mangles Source MAC Address to given value.
--mangle-mac-d MAC address
Mangles Destination MAC Address to given value.
--mangle-target target
Target of ARP mangle operation (DROP, CONTINUE or ACCEPT
-- default is ACCEPT).
CLASSIFY
This module allows you to set the skb->priority value (and thus
clas- sify the packet into a specific CBQ class).
--set-class major:minor
Set the major and minor class value. The values are
always interpreted as hexadecimal even if no 0x prefix is
given.
MARK
This module allows you to set the skb->mark value (and thus
classify the packet by the mark in u32)
--set-mark mark
Set the mark value. The values are always interpreted
as hexadecimal even if no 0x prefix is given
--and-mark mark
Binary AND the mark with bits.
--or-mark mark
Binary OR the mark with bits.
Примечание (Note)
In this nft-based version of arptables, support for FORWARD chain
has not been implemented. Since ARP packets are "forwarded" only
by Linux bridges, the same may be achieved using FORWARD chain in
ebtables.
Почтовые списки (Mailinglists)
See http://netfilter.org/mailinglists.html
Смотри также (See also)
xtables-nft(8), iptables(8), ebtables(8), ip(8)
See https://wiki.nftables.org
