преобразование файловой системы ext2 / 3/4 или reiserfs в btrfs на месте (convert from ext2/3/4 or reiserfs filesystem to btrfs in-place)
Имя (Name)
btrfs-convert - convert from ext2/3/4 or reiserfs filesystem to
btrfs in-place
Синопсис (Synopsis)
btrfs-convert [options] <device>
Описание (Description)
btrfs-convert is used to convert existing source filesystem image
to a btrfs filesystem in-place. The original filesystem image is
accessible in subvolume named like ext2_saved as file image.
Supported filesystems:
• ext2, ext3, ext4 — original feature, always built in
• reiserfs — since version 4.13, optionally built, requires
libreiserfscore 3.6.27
The list of supported source filesystem by a given binary is
listed at the end of help (option --help).
Warning
If you are going to perform rollback to the original
filesystem, you should not execute btrfs balance command on
the converted filesystem. This will change the extent layout
and make btrfs-convert unable to rollback.
The conversion utilizes free space of the original filesystem.
The exact estimate of the required space cannot be foretold. The
final btrfs metadata might occupy several gigabytes on a
hundreds-gigabyte filesystem.
If the ability to rollback is no longer important, the it is
recommended to perform a few more steps to transition the btrfs
filesystem to a more compact layout. This is because the
conversion inherits the original data blocks' fragmentation, and
also because the metadata blocks are bound to the original free
space layout.
Due to different constraints, it is only possible to convert
filesystems that have a supported data block size (ie. the same
that would be valid for mkfs.btrfs). This is typically the system
page size (4KiB on x86_64 machines).
BEFORE YOU START
The source filesystem must be clean, eg. no journal to replay or
no repairs needed. The respective fsck utility must be run on the
source filesytem prior to conversion. Please refer to the manual
pages in case you encounter problems.
For ext2/3/4:
# e2fsck -fvy /dev/sdx
For reiserfs:
# reiserfsck -fy /dev/sdx
Skipping that step could lead to incorrect results on the target
filesystem, but it may work.
REMOVE THE ORIGINAL FILESYSTEM METADATA
By removing the subvolume named like ext2_saved or
reiserfs_saved, all metadata of the original filesystem will be
removed:
# btrfs subvolume delete /mnt/ext2_saved
At this point it is not possible to do a rollback. The filesystem
is usable but may be impacted by the fragmentation inherited from
the original filesystem.
MAKE FILE DATA MORE CONTIGUOUS
An optional but recommended step is to run defragmentation on the
entire filesystem. This will attempt to make file extents more
contiguous.
# btrfs filesystem defrag -v -r -f -t 32M /mnt/btrfs
Verbose recursive defragmentation (-v, -r), flush data per-file
(-f) with target extent size 32MiB (-t).
ATTEMPT TO MAKE BTRFS METADATA MORE COMPACT
Optional but recommended step.
The metadata block groups after conversion may be smaller than
the default size (256MiB or 1GiB). Running a balance will attempt
to merge the block groups. This depends on the free space layout
(and fragmentation) and may fail due to lack of enough work
space. This is a soft error leaving the filesystem usable but the
block group layout may remain unchanged.
Note that balance operation takes a lot of time, please see also
btrfs-balance(8).
# btrfs balance start -m /mnt/btrfs
Параметры (Options)
--csum <type>, --checksum <type>
Specify the checksum algorithm. Default is crc32c. Valid
values are crc32c, xxhash, sha256 or blake2. To mount such
filesystem kernel must support the checksums as well.
-d|--no-datasum
disable data checksum calculations and set the NODATASUM file
flag, this can speed up the conversion
-i|--no-xattr
ignore xattrs and ACLs of files
-n|--no-inline
disable inlining of small files to metadata blocks, this will
decrease the metadata consumption and may help to convert a
filesystem with low free space
-N|--nodesize <SIZE>
set filesystem nodesize, the tree block size in which btrfs
stores its metadata. The default value is 16KB (16384) or the
page size, whichever is bigger. Must be a multiple of the
sectorsize, but not larger than 65536. See mkfs.btrfs(8) for
more details.
-r|--rollback
rollback to the original ext2/3/4 filesystem if possible
-l|--label <LABEL>
set filesystem label during conversion
-L|--copy-label
use label from the converted filesystem
-O|--features <feature1>[,<feature2>...]
A list of filesystem features enabled the at time of
conversion. Not all features are supported by old kernels. To
disable a feature, prefix it with ^. Description of the
features is in section FILESYSTEM FEATURES of mkfs.btrfs(8).
To see all available features that btrfs-convert supports
run:
btrfs-convert -O list-all
-p|--progress
show progress of conversion (a heartbeat indicator and number
of inodes processed), on by default
--no-progress
disable progress and show only the main phases of conversion
Статус выхода (Exit)
btrfs-convert will return 0 if no error happened. If any problems
happened, 1 will be returned.
Смотри также (See also)
mkfs.btrfs(8)
