показывать / управлять маршрутизацией, сетевыми устройствами, интерфейсами и туннелями (show / manipulate routing, network devices, interfaces and tunnels)
Имя (Name)
ip - show / manipulate routing, network devices, interfaces and
tunnels
Синопсис (Synopsis)
ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
ip [ -force ] -batch filename
OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh |
ntable | tunnel | tuntap | maddress | mroute | mrule |
monitor | xfrm | netns | l2tp | tcp_metrics | token |
macsec | vrf | mptcp }
OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -h[uman-readable] | -s[tatistics] |
-d[etails] | -r[esolve] | -iec | -f[amily] { inet | inet6
| link } | -4 | -6 | -I | -D | -B | -0 | -l[oops] {
maximum-addr-flush-attempts } | -o[neline] | -rc[vbuf]
[size] | -t[imestamp] | -ts[hort] | -n[etns] name |
-N[umeric] | -a[ll] | -c[olor] | -br[ief] | -j[son] |
-p[retty] }
Параметры (Options)
-V, -Version
Print the version of the ip utility and exit.
-h, -human, -human-readable
output statistics with human readable values followed by
suffix.
-b, -batch <FILENAME>
Read commands from provided file or standard input and
invoke them. First failure will cause termination of ip.
-force Don't terminate ip on errors in batch mode. If there were
any errors during execution of the commands, the
application return code will be non zero.
-s, -stats, -statistics
Output more information. If the option appears twice or
more, the amount of information increases. As a rule, the
information is statistics or some time values.
-d, -details
Output more detailed information.
-l, -loops <COUNT>
Specify maximum number of loops the 'ip address flush'
logic will attempt before giving up. The default is 10.
Zero (0) means loop until all addresses are removed.
-f, -family <FAMILY>
Specifies the protocol family to use. The protocol family
identifier can be one of inet, inet6, bridge, mpls or
link. If this option is not present, the protocol family
is guessed from other arguments. If the rest of the
command line does not give enough information to guess the
family, ip falls back to the default one, usually inet or
any. link is a special family identifier meaning that no
networking protocol is involved.
-4 shortcut for -family inet.
-6 shortcut for -family inet6.
-B shortcut for -family bridge.
-M shortcut for -family mpls.
-0 shortcut for -family link.
-o, -oneline
output each record on a single line, replacing line feeds
with the '\' character. This is convenient when you want
to count records with wc(1) or to grep(1) the output.
-r, -resolve
use the system's name resolver to print DNS names instead
of host addresses.
-n, -netns <NETNS>
switches ip to the specified network namespace NETNS.
Actually it just simplifies executing of:
ip netns exec NETNS ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help
}
to
ip -n[etns] NETNS [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
-N, -Numeric
Print the number of protocol, scope, dsfield, etc directly
instead of converting it to human readable name.
-a, -all
executes specified command over all objects, it depends if
command supports this option.
-c[color][={always|auto|never}
Configure color output. If parameter is omitted or always,
color output is enabled regardless of stdout state. If
parameter is auto, stdout is checked to be a terminal
before enabling color output. If parameter is never, color
output is disabled. If specified multiple times, the last
one takes precedence. This flag is ignored if -json is
also given.
Used color palette can be influenced by COLORFGBG
environment variable (see ENVIRONMENT).
-t, -timestamp
display current time when using monitor option.
-ts, -tshort
Like -timestamp, but use shorter format.
-rc, -rcvbuf<SIZE>
Set the netlink socket receive buffer size, defaults to
1MB.
-iec print human readable rates in IEC units (e.g. 1Ki = 1024).
-br, -brief
Print only basic information in a tabular format for
better readability. This option is currently only
supported by ip addr show and ip link show commands.
-j, -json
Output results in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON).
-p, -pretty
The default JSON format is compact and more efficient to
parse but hard for most users to read. This flag adds
indentation for readability.
IP - COMMAND SYNTAX
OBJECT
address
- protocol (IP or IPv6) address on a device.
addrlabel
- label configuration for protocol address selection.
l2tp - tunnel ethernet over IP (L2TPv3).
link - network device.
maddress
- multicast address.
monitor
- watch for netlink messages.
mptcp - manage MPTCP path manager.
mroute - multicast routing cache entry.
mrule - rule in multicast routing policy database.
neighbour
- manage ARP or NDISC cache entries.
netns - manage network namespaces.
ntable - manage the neighbor cache's operation.
route - routing table entry.
rule - rule in routing policy database.
tcp_metrics/tcpmetrics
- manage TCP Metrics
token - manage tokenized interface identifiers.
tunnel - tunnel over IP.
tuntap - manage TUN/TAP devices.
vrf - manage virtual routing and forwarding devices.
xfrm - manage IPSec policies.
The names of all objects may be written in full or abbreviated
form, for example address can be abbreviated as addr or just a.
COMMAND
Specifies the action to perform on the object. The set of
possible actions depends on the object type. As a rule, it is
possible to add, delete and show (or list ) objects, but some
objects do not allow all of these operations or have some
additional commands. The help command is available for all
objects. It prints out a list of available commands and argument
syntax conventions.
If no command is given, some default command is assumed. Usually
it is list or, if the objects of this class cannot be listed,
help.
Окружение (Environment)
COLORFGBG
If set, it's value is used for detection whether
background is dark or light and use contrast colors for
it.
COLORFGBG environment variable usually contains either two
or three values separated by semicolons; we want the last
value in either case. If this value is 0-6 or 8, chose
colors suitable for dark background:
COLORFGBG=";0" ip -c a
Статус выхода (Exit)
Exit status is 0 if command was successful, and 1 if there is a
syntax error. If an error was reported by the kernel exit status
is 2.
Примеры (Examples)
ip addr
Shows addresses assigned to all network interfaces.
ip neigh
Shows the current neighbour table in kernel.
ip link set x up
Bring up interface x.
ip link set x down
Bring down interface x.
ip route
Show table routes.
История (History)
ip was written by Alexey N. Kuznetsov and added in Linux 2.2.
Смотри также (See also)
ip-address(8), ip-addrlabel(8), ip-l2tp(8), ip-link(8),
ip-maddress(8), ip-monitor(8), ip-mptcp(8), ip-mroute(8),
ip-neighbour(8), ip-netns(8), ip-ntable(8), ip-route(8),
ip-rule(8), ip-tcp_metrics(8), ip-token(8), ip-tunnel(8),
ip-vrf(8), ip-xfrm(8)
IP Command reference ip-cref.ps
Сообщение об ошибках (Reporting bugs)
Report any bugs to the Network Developers mailing list
<netdev@vger.kernel.org> where the development and maintenance is
primarily done. You do not have to be subscribed to the list to
send a message there.
