копировать метаданные файловой системы XFS в файл (copy XFS filesystem metadata to a file)
Имя (Name)
xfs_metadump - copy XFS filesystem metadata to a file
Синопсис (Synopsis)
xfs_metadump [ -aefFgow ] [ -m max_extents ] [ -l logdev ] source
target
xfs_metadump -V
Описание (Description)
xfs_metadump is a debugging tool that copies the metadata from an
XFS filesystem to a file. The source argument must be the
pathname of the device or file containing the XFS filesystem and
the target argument specifies the destination file name. If
target is -, then the output is sent to stdout. This allows the
output to be redirected to another program such as a compression
application.
xfs_metadump may only be used to copy unmounted filesystems, or
read-only mounted filesystems.
xfs_metadump does not alter the source filesystem in any way. The
target image is a contiguous (non-sparse) file containing all the
filesystem's metadata and indexes to where the blocks were copied
from.
By default, xfs_metadump obfuscates most file (regular file,
directory and symbolic link) names and extended attribute names
to allow the dumps to be sent without revealing confidential
information. Extended attribute values are zeroed and no data is
copied. The only exceptions are file or attribute names that are
4 or less characters in length. Also file names that span extents
(this can only occur with the mkfs.xfs(8) options where -n size >
-b size) are not obfuscated. Names between 5 and 8 characters in
length inclusively are partially obfuscated.
xfs_metadump cannot obfuscate metadata in the filesystem log.
Log recovery of an obfuscated metadump image may expose clear-
text metadata and/or cause filesystem corruption in the restored
image. It is recommended that the source filesystem first be
mounted and unmounted, if possible, to ensure that the log is
clean. A subsequent invocation of xfs_metadump will capture a
clean log and obfuscate all metadata correctly.
If a metadump must be produced from a filesystem with a dirty
log, it is recommended that obfuscation be turned off with -o
option, if metadata such as filenames is not considered
sensitive. If obfuscation is required on a metadump with a dirty
log, please inform the recipient of the metadump image about this
situation.
xfs_metadump should not be used for any purposes other than for
debugging and reporting filesystem problems. The most common
usage scenario for this tool is when xfs_repair(8) fails to
repair a filesystem and a metadump image can be sent for
analysis.
The file generated by xfs_metadump can be restored to filesystem
image (minus the data) using the xfs_mdrestore(8) tool.
Параметры (Options)
-a Copies entire metadata blocks. Normally, xfs_metadump
will zero any stale bytes interspersed with in-use
metadata. Use this option to copy full metadata blocks,
to provide more debugging information for a corrupted
filesystem. Note that the extra data will be
unobfuscated.
-e Stops the dump on a read error. Normally, it will ignore
read errors and copy all the metadata that is accessible.
-f Specifies that the filesystem image to be processed is
stored in a regular file (see the mkfs.xfs -d file
option). This can also happen if an image copy of a
filesystem has been made into an ordinary file with
xfs_copy(8).
-F Specifies that we want to continue even if the superblock
magic is not correct. If the source is truly not an XFS
filesystem, the resulting image will be useless, and
xfs_metadump may crash.
-g Shows dump progress. This is sent to stdout if the target
is a file or to stderr if the target is stdout.
-l logdev
For filesystems which use an external log, this specifies
the device where the external log resides. The external
log is not copied, only internal logs are copied.
-m Set the maximum size of an allowed metadata extent.
Extremely large metadata extents are likely to be corrupt,
and will be skipped if they exceed this value. The
default size is 2097151 blocks.
-o Disables obfuscation of file names and extended
attributes.
-w Prints warnings of inconsistent metadata encountered to
stderr. Bad metadata is still copied.
-V Prints the version number and exits.
Диагностика (Diagnostic)
xfs_metadump returns an exit code of 0 if all readable metadata
is successfully copied or 1 if a write error occurs or a read
error occurs and the -e option used.
Примечание (Note)
As xfs_metadump copies metadata only, it does not matter if the
source filesystem has a realtime section or not. If the
filesystem has an external log, it is not copied. Internal logs
are copied and any outstanding log transactions are not
obfuscated if they contain names.
xfs_metadump is a shell wrapper around the xfs_db(8) metadump
command.
Смотри также (See also)
xfs_repair(8), xfs_mdrestore(8), xfs_freeze(8), xfs_db(8),
xfs_copy(8), xfs(5)
Ошибки (баги) (Bugs)
Email bug reports to linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org.
