формат записей справочника (format of directory entries)
Пролог (Prolog)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
Имя (Name)
dirent.h — format of directory entries
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <dirent.h>
Описание (Description)
The internal format of directories is unspecified.
The <dirent.h> header shall define the following type:
DIR A type representing a directory stream. The DIR type may
be an incomplete type.
It shall also define the structure dirent which shall include the
following members:
ino_t d_ino File serial number.
char d_name[] Filename string of entry.
The <dirent.h> header shall define the ino_t type as described in
<sys/types.h>.
The array d_name is of unspecified size, but shall contain a
filename of at most {NAME_MAX} bytes followed by a terminating
null byte.
The following shall be declared as functions and may also be
defined as macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.
int alphasort(const struct dirent **, const struct dirent **);
int closedir(DIR *);
int dirfd(DIR *);
DIR *fdopendir(int);
DIR *opendir(const char *);
struct dirent *readdir(DIR *);
int readdir_r(DIR *restrict, struct dirent *restrict,
struct dirent **restrict);
void rewinddir(DIR *);
int scandir(const char *, struct dirent ***,
int (*)(const struct dirent *),
int (*)(const struct dirent **,
const struct dirent **));
void seekdir(DIR *, long);
long telldir(DIR *);
The following sections are informative.
Использование в приложениях (Application usage)
None.
Обоснование (Rationale)
Information similar to that in the <dirent.h> header is contained
in a file <sys/dir.h> in 4.2 BSD and 4.3 BSD. The equivalent in
these implementations of struct dirent from this volume of
POSIX.1‐2017 is struct direct. The filename was changed because
the name <sys/dir.h> was also used in earlier implementations to
refer to definitions related to the older access method; this
produced name conflicts. The name of the structure was changed
because this volume of POSIX.1‐2017 does not completely define
what is in the structure, so it could be different on some
implementations from struct direct.
The name of an array of char of an unspecified size should not be
used as an lvalue. Use of:
sizeof(d_name)
is incorrect; use:
strlen(d_name)
instead.
The array of char d_name is not a fixed size. Implementations may
need to declare struct dirent with an array size for d_name of 1,
but the actual number of bytes provided matches (or only slightly
exceeds) the length of the filename string.
Будущие направления (Future directions)
None.
Смотри также (See also)
sys_types.h(0p)
The System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1‐2017, alphasort(3p),
closedir(3p), dirfd(3p), fdopendir(3p), readdir(3p),
rewinddir(3p), seekdir(3p), telldir(3p)
