инструмент для управления сериями патчей (tool to manage series of patches)
Описание (Description)
Quilt is a tool to manage large sets of patches by keeping track
of the changes each patch makes. Patches can be applied, un-
applied, refreshed, etc. The key philosophical concept is that
your primary output is patches.
With quilt, all work occurs within a single directory tree.
Commands can be invoked from anywhere within the source tree.
They are of the form quilt cmd similar to CVS, svn or git
commands. They can be abbreviated as long as the specified part
of the command is unique. All commands print some help text with
quilt cmd -h.
Quilt manages a stack of patches. Patches are applied
incrementally on top of the base tree plus all preceding patches.
They can be pushed on top of the stack (quilt push), and popped
off the stack (quilt pop). Commands are available for querying
the contents of the series file (quilt series, see below), the
contents of the stack (quilt applied, quilt previous, quilt top),
and the patches that are not applied at a particular moment
(quilt next, quilt unapplied). By default, most commands apply
to the topmost patch on the stack.
Patch files are located in the patches sub-directory of the
source tree (see EXAMPLE OF WORKING TREE below). The
QUILT_PATCHES environment variable can be used to override this
location. When not found in the current directory, that
subdirectory is searched recursively in the parent directories
(this is similar to the way git searches for its configuration
files). The patches directory may contain sub-directories. It may
also be a symbolic link instead of a directory.
A file called series contains a list of patch file names that
defines the order in which patches are applied. Unless there are
means by which series files can be generated automatically, it is
usually provided along with a set of patches. In this file, each
patch file name is on a separate line. Patch files are identified
by path names that are relative to the patches directory; patches
may be in sub-directories below this directory. Lines in the
series file that start with a hash character (#) are ignored.
Patch options, such as the strip level or whether the patch is
reversed, can be added after each patch file name. Options are
introduced by a space, separated by spaces, and follow the syntax
of the patch(1) options (e.g. -p2). Quilt records patch options
automatically when a command supporting them is used. Without
options, strip level 1 is assumed. You can also add a comment
after each patch file name and options, introduced by a space
followed by a hash character. When quilt adds, removes, or
renames patches, it automatically updates the series file. Users
of quilt can modify series files while some patches are applied,
as long as the applied patches remain in their original order.
Different series files can be used to assemble patches in
different ways, corresponding for example to different
development branches.
Before a patch is applied (or ``pushed on the stack''), copies of
all files the patch modifies are saved to the .pc/patch
directory. The patch is added to the list of currently applied
patches (.pc/applied-patches). Later when a patch is regenerated
(quilt refresh), the backup copies in .pc/patch are compared with
the current versions of the files in the source tree using GNU
diff.
Documentation related to a patch can be put at the beginning of a
patch file. Quilt is careful to preserve all text that precedes
the actual patch when doing a refresh. (This is limited to
patches in unified format; see diff documentation).
The series file is looked up in the .pc directory, in the root of
the source tree, and in the patches directory. The first series
file that is found is used. This may also be a symbolic link, or
a file with multiple hard links. Usually, only one series file
is used for a set of patches, so the patches sub-directory is a
convenient location.
The .pc directory and its sub-directories cannot be relocated,
but it can be a symbolic link. While patches are applied to the
source tree, this directory is essential for many operations,
including taking patches off the stack (quilt pop), and
refreshing patches (quilt refresh). Files in the .pc directory
are automatically removed when they are no longer needed, so
there is no need to clean up manually.
