диспетчер экрана с эмуляцией терминала VT100 / ANSI (screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation)
Описание (Description)
Screen is a full-screen window manager that multiplexes a
physical terminal between several processes (typically
interactive shells). Each virtual terminal provides the
functions of a DEC VT100 terminal and, in addition, several
control functions from the ISO 6429 (ECMA 48, ANSI X3.64) and ISO
2022 standards (e.g. insert/delete line and support for multiple
character sets). There is a scrollback history buffer for each
virtual terminal and a copy-and-paste mechanism that allows
moving text regions between windows.
When screen is called, it creates a single window with a shell in
it (or the specified command) and then gets out of your way so
that you can use the program as you normally would. Then, at any
time, you can create new (full-screen) windows with other
programs in them (including more shells), kill existing windows,
view a list of windows, turn output logging on and off, copy-and-
paste text between windows, view the scrollback history, switch
between windows in whatever manner you wish, etc. All windows run
their programs completely independent of each other. Programs
continue to run when their window is currently not visible and
even when the whole screen session is detached from the user's
terminal. When a program terminates, screen (per default) kills
the window that contained it. If this window was in the
foreground, the display switches to the previous window; if none
are left, screen exits. Shells usually distinguish between
running as login-shell or sub-shell. Screen runs them as sub-
shells, unless told otherwise (See "shell" .screenrc command).
Everything you type is sent to the program running in the current
window. The only exception to this is the one keystroke that is
used to initiate a command to the window manager. By default,
each command begins with a control-a (abbreviated C-a from now
on), and is followed by one other keystroke. The command
character and all the key bindings can be fully customized to be
anything you like, though they are always two characters in
length.
Screen does not understand the prefix "C-" to mean control,
although this notation is used in this manual for readability.
Please use the caret notation ("^A" instead of "C-a") as
arguments to e.g. the escape command or the -e option. Screen
will also print out control characters in caret notation.
The standard way to create a new window is to type "C-a c". This
creates a new window running a shell and switches to that window
immediately, regardless of the state of the process running in
the current window. Similarly, you can create a new window with
a custom command in it by first binding the command to a
keystroke (in your .screenrc file or at the "C-a :" command line)
and then using it just like the "C-a c" command. In addition,
new windows can be created by running a command like:
screen emacs prog.c
from a shell prompt within a previously created window. This
will not run another copy of screen, but will instead supply the
command name and its arguments to the window manager (specified
in the $STY environment variable) who will use it to create the
new window. The above example would start the emacs editor
(editing prog.c) and switch to its window. - Note that you cannot
transport environment variables from the invoking shell to the
application (emacs in this case), because it is forked from the
parent screen process, not from the invoking shell.
If "/etc/utmp" is writable by screen, an appropriate record will
be written to this file for each window, and removed when the
window is terminated. This is useful for working with "talk",
"script", "shutdown", "rsend", "sccs" and other similar programs
that use the utmp file to determine who you are. As long as
screen is active on your terminal, the terminal's own record is
removed from the utmp file. See also "C-a L".
