systemd менеджер по системе и сервису (systemd system and service manager)
Командная строка ядра (Kernel command line)
When run as the system instance systemd parses a number of
options listed below. They can be specified as kernel command
line arguments[8], or through the "SystemdOptions" EFI variable
(on EFI systems). The kernel command line has higher priority.
Following variables are understood:
systemd.unit=, rd.systemd.unit=
Overrides the unit to activate on boot. Defaults to
default.target. This may be used to temporarily boot into a
different boot unit, for example rescue.target or
emergency.service. See systemd.special(7) for details about
these units. The option prefixed with "rd." is honored only
in the initial RAM disk (initrd), while the one that is not
prefixed only in the main system.
systemd.dump_core
Takes a boolean argument or enables the option if specified
without an argument. If enabled, the systemd manager (PID 1)
dumps core when it crashes. Otherwise, no core dump is
created. Defaults to enabled.
systemd.crash_chvt
Takes a positive integer, or a boolean argument. Can be also
specified without an argument, with the same effect as a
positive boolean. If a positive integer (in the range 1–63)
is specified, the system manager (PID 1) will activate the
specified virtual terminal when it crashes. Defaults to
disabled, meaning that no such switch is attempted. If set to
enabled, the virtual terminal the kernel messages are written
to is used instead.
systemd.crash_shell
Takes a boolean argument or enables the option if specified
without an argument. If enabled, the system manager (PID 1)
spawns a shell when it crashes, after a 10s delay. Otherwise,
no shell is spawned. Defaults to disabled, for security
reasons, as the shell is not protected by password
authentication.
systemd.crash_reboot
Takes a boolean argument or enables the option if specified
without an argument. If enabled, the system manager (PID 1)
will reboot the machine automatically when it crashes, after
a 10s delay. Otherwise, the system will hang indefinitely.
Defaults to disabled, in order to avoid a reboot loop. If
combined with systemd.crash_shell, the system is rebooted
after the shell exits.
systemd.confirm_spawn
Takes a boolean argument or a path to the virtual console
where the confirmation messages should be emitted. Can be
also specified without an argument, with the same effect as a
positive boolean. If enabled, the system manager (PID 1) asks
for confirmation when spawning processes using /dev/console.
If a path or a console name (such as "ttyS0") is provided,
the virtual console pointed to by this path or described by
the give name will be used instead. Defaults to disabled.
systemd.service_watchdogs=
Takes a boolean argument. If disabled, all service runtime
watchdogs (WatchdogSec=) and emergency actions (e.g.
OnFailure= or StartLimitAction=) are ignored by the system
manager (PID 1); see systemd.service(5). Defaults to enabled,
i.e. watchdogs and failure actions are processed normally.
The hardware watchdog is not affected by this option.
systemd.show_status
Takes a boolean argument or the constants error and auto. Can
be also specified without an argument, with the same effect
as a positive boolean. If enabled, the systemd manager (PID
1) shows terse service status updates on the console during
bootup. With error, only messages about failures are shown,
but boot is otherwise quiet. auto behaves like false until
there is a significant delay in boot. Defaults to enabled,
unless quiet is passed as kernel command line option, in
which case it defaults to error. If specified overrides the
system manager configuration file option ShowStatus=, see
systemd-system.conf(5).
systemd.status_unit_format=
Takes name, description or combined as the value. If name,
the system manager will use unit names in status messages. If
combined, the system manager will use unit names and
description in status messages. When specified, overrides the
system manager configuration file option StatusUnitFormat=,
see systemd-system.conf(5).
systemd.log_color, systemd.log_level=, systemd.log_location,
systemd.log_target=, systemd.log_time, systemd.log_tid
Controls log output, with the same effect as the
$SYSTEMD_LOG_COLOR, $SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL,
$SYSTEMD_LOG_LOCATION, $SYSTEMD_LOG_TARGET,
$SYSTEMD_LOG_TIME, and $SYSTEMD_LOG_TID environment variables
described above. systemd.log_color, systemd.log_location,
systemd.log_time, and systemd.log_tid= can be specified
without an argument, with the same effect as a positive
boolean.
systemd.default_standard_output=, systemd.default_standard_error=
Controls default standard output and error output for
services and sockets. That is, controls the default for
StandardOutput= and StandardError= (see systemd.exec(5) for
details). Takes one of inherit, null, tty, journal,
journal+console, kmsg, kmsg+console. If the argument is
omitted systemd.default-standard-output= defaults to journal
and systemd.default-standard-error= to inherit.
systemd.setenv=
Takes a string argument in the form VARIABLE=VALUE. May be
used to set default environment variables to add to forked
child processes. May be used more than once to set multiple
variables.
systemd.machine_id=
Takes a 32 character hex value to be used for setting the
machine-id. Intended mostly for network booting where the
same machine-id is desired for every boot.
systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy
When specified without an argument or with a true argument,
enables the usage of unified cgroup hierarchy
If this option is not specified, the default behaviour is
determined during compilation (the -Ddefault-hierarchy= meson
option). If the kernel does not support unified cgroup
hierarchy, the legacy hierarchy will be used even if this
option is specified.
systemd.legacy_systemd_cgroup_controller
Takes effect if the full unified cgroup hierarchy is not used
(see previous option). When specified without an argument or
with a true argument, disables the use of "hybrid" cgroup
hierarchy (i.e. a cgroups-v2 tree used for systemd, and
legacy cgroup hierarchy
If this option is not specified, the default behaviour is
determined during compilation (the -Ddefault-hierarchy= meson
option). If the kernel does not support unified cgroup
hierarchy, the legacy hierarchy will be used even if this
option is specified.
quiet
Turn off status output at boot, much like
systemd.show_status=no would. Note that this option is also
read by the kernel itself and disables kernel log output.
Passing this option hence turns off the usual output from
both the system manager and the kernel.
debug
Turn on debugging output. This is equivalent to
systemd.log_level=debug. Note that this option is also read
by the kernel itself and enables kernel debug output. Passing
this option hence turns on the debug output from both the
system manager and the kernel.
emergency, rd.emergency, -b
Boot into emergency mode. This is equivalent to
systemd.unit=emergency.target or
rd.systemd.unit=emergency.target, respectively, and provided
for compatibility reasons and to be easier to type.
rescue, rd.rescue, single, s, S, 1
Boot into rescue mode. This is equivalent to
systemd.unit=rescue.target or rd.systemd.unit=rescue.target,
respectively, and provided for compatibility reasons and to
be easier to type.
2, 3, 4, 5
Boot into the specified legacy SysV runlevel. These are
equivalent to systemd.unit=runlevel2.target,
systemd.unit=runlevel3.target, systemd.unit=runlevel4.target,
and systemd.unit=runlevel5.target, respectively, and provided
for compatibility reasons and to be easier to type.
locale.LANG=, locale.LANGUAGE=, locale.LC_CTYPE=,
locale.LC_NUMERIC=, locale.LC_TIME=, locale.LC_COLLATE=,
locale.LC_MONETARY=, locale.LC_MESSAGES=, locale.LC_PAPER=,
locale.LC_NAME=, locale.LC_ADDRESS=, locale.LC_TELEPHONE=,
locale.LC_MEASUREMENT=, locale.LC_IDENTIFICATION=
Set the system locale to use. This overrides the settings in
/etc/locale.conf. For more information, see locale.conf(5)
and locale(7).
For other kernel command line parameters understood by components
of the core OS, please refer to kernel-command-line(7).
