анализировать аргументы подопции из строки (parse suboption arguments from a string)
Имя (Name)
getsubopt - parse suboption arguments from a string
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <stdlib.h>
int getsubopt(char **restrict optionp, char *const *restrict tokens,
char **restrict valuep);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
feature_test_macros(7)):
getsubopt():
_XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500
|| /* Since glibc 2.12: */ _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809L
Описание (Description)
getsubopt() parses the list of comma-separated suboptions
provided in optionp. (Such a suboption list is typically
produced when getopt(3) is used to parse a command line; see for
example the -o option of mount(8).) Each suboption may include
an associated value, which is separated from the suboption name
by an equal sign. The following is an example of the kind of
string that might be passed in optionp:
ro,name=xyz
The tokens argument is a pointer to a NULL-terminated array of
pointers to the tokens that getsubopt() will look for in optionp.
The tokens should be distinct, null-terminated strings containing
at least one character, with no embedded equal signs or commas.
Each call to getsubopt() returns information about the next
unprocessed suboption in optionp. The first equal sign in a
suboption (if any) is interpreted as a separator between the name
and the value of that suboption. The value extends to the next
comma, or (for the last suboption) to the end of the string. If
the name of the suboption matches a known name from tokens, and a
value string was found, getsubopt() sets *valuep to the address
of that string. The first comma in optionp is overwritten with a
null byte, so *valuep is precisely the "value string" for that
suboption.
If the suboption is recognized, but no value string was found,
*valuep is set to NULL.
When getsubopt() returns, optionp points to the next suboption,
or to the null byte ('\0') at the end of the string if the last
suboption was just processed.
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
If the first suboption in optionp is recognized, getsubopt()
returns the index of the matching suboption element in tokens.
Otherwise, -1 is returned and *valuep is the entire name[=value]
string.
Since *optionp is changed, the first suboption before the call to
getsubopt() is not (necessarily) the same as the first suboption
after getsubopt().
Атрибуты (Attributes)
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
┌──────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬─────────┐
│Interface │ Attribute │ Value │
├──────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼─────────┤
│getsubopt() │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe │
└──────────────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴─────────┘
Стандарты (Conforming to)
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
Примечание (Note)
Since getsubopt() overwrites any commas it finds in the string
*optionp, that string must be writable; it cannot be a string
constant.
Примеры (Examples)
The following program expects suboptions following a "-o" option.
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
enum {
RO_OPT = 0,
RW_OPT,
NAME_OPT
};
char *const token[] = {
[RO_OPT] = "ro",
[RW_OPT] = "rw",
[NAME_OPT] = "name",
NULL
};
char *subopts;
char *value;
int opt;
int readonly = 0;
int readwrite = 0;
char *name = NULL;
int errfnd = 0;
while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "o:")) != -1) {
switch (opt) {
case 'o':
subopts = optarg;
while (*subopts != '\0' && !errfnd) {
switch (getsubopt(&subopts, token, &value)) {
case RO_OPT:
readonly = 1;
break;
case RW_OPT:
readwrite = 1;
break;
case NAME_OPT:
if (value == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Missing value for "
"suboption '%s'\n", token[NAME_OPT]);
errfnd = 1;
continue;
}
name = value;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "No match found "
"for token: /%s/\n", value);
errfnd = 1;
break;
}
}
if (readwrite && readonly) {
fprintf(stderr, "Only one of '%s' and '%s' can be "
"specified\n", token[RO_OPT], token[RW_OPT]);
errfnd = 1;
}
break;
default:
errfnd = 1;
}
}
if (errfnd || argc == 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "\nUsage: %s -o <suboptstring>\n", argv[0]);
fprintf(stderr, "suboptions are 'ro', 'rw', "
"and 'name=<value>'\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Remainder of program... */
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
Смотри также (See also)
getopt(3)
