выполнять команды Perl в документах groff (execute Perl commands in groff documents)
Имя (Name)
gperl - execute Perl commands in groff documents
Синопсис (Synopsis)
gperl [file ...]
gperl -h
gperl --help
gperl -v
gperl --version
Описание (Description)
This is a preprocessor for groff(1). It allows the use of
perl(7) code in groff(7) files. The result of a Perl part can be
stored in groff strings or numerical registers based on the
arguments at a final line of a Perl part.
If no operands are given, or if file is '-', gperl reads the
standard input stream. A double-dash argument ('--') causes all
subsequent arguments to be interpreted as file operands, even if
their names start with a dash. -h and --help display a usage
message, whereas -v and --version display version information;
all exit afterward.
Perl regions
Perl parts in groff files are enclosed by two .Perl requests with
different arguments, a starting and an ending command.
Starting Perl mode
The starting Perl request can either be without arguments, or by
a request that has the term start as its only argument.
• .Perl
• .Perl start
Ending Perl mode without storage
A .Perl command line with an argument different from start
finishes a running Perl part. Of course, it would be reasonable
to add the argument stop; that's possible, but not necessary.
• .Perl stop
• .Perl other_than_start
The argument other_than_start can additionally be used as a groff
string variable name for storage — see next section.
Ending Perl mode with storage
A useful feature of gperl is to store one or more results from
the Perl mode.
The output of a Perl part can be got with backticks `...`.
This program collects all printing to STDOUT (normal standard
output) by the Perl print program. This pseudo-printing output
can have several lines, due to printed line breaks with \n. By
that, the output of a Perl run should be stored into a Perl
array, with a single line for each array member.
This Perl array output can be stored by gperl in either
groff strings
by creating a groff command .ds
groff number register
by creating a groff command .rn
The storage modes can be determined by arguments of a final
stopping .Perl command. Each argument .ds changes the mode into
groff string and .nr changes the mode into groff number register
for all following output parts.
By default, all output is saved as strings, so .ds is not really
needed before the first .nr command. That suits to groff(7),
because every output can be saved as groff string, but the number
registers can be very restrictive.
In string mode, gperl generates a groff string storage line
.ds var_name content
In number register mode the following groff command is generated
.nr var_name content
We present argument collections in the following. You can add as
first argument for all stop. We omit this additional element.
.Perl .ds var_name
This will store 1 output line into the groff string named
var_name by the automatically created command
.ds var_name output
.Perl var_name
If var_name is different from start this is equivalent to
the former command, because the string mode is string with
.ds command. default.
.Perl var_name1 var_name2
This will store 2 output lines into groff string names
var_name1 and var_name2, because the default mode .ds is
active, such that no .ds argument is needed. Of course,
this is equivalent to
.Perl .ds var_name1 var_name2
and
.Perl .ds var_name1 .ds var_name2
.Perl .nr var_name1 varname2
stores both variables as number register variables. gperl
generates
.nr var_name1 output_line1
.nr var_name2 output_line2
.Perl .nr var_name1 .ds var_name2
stores the 1st argument as number register and the second
as string by
.nr var_name1 output_line1
.ds var_name2 output_line2
Примеры (Examples)
A possible Perl part in a roff file could look like that:
before
.Perl start
my $result = 'some data';
print $result;
.Perl stop .ds string_var
after
This stores the result 'some data' into the roff string called
string_var, such that the following line is printed:
.ds string_var some data
by gperl as food for the coming groff run.
A Perl part with several outputs is:
.Perl start
print 'first\n';
print 'second line\n';
print '3\n';
.Perl var1 var2 .nr var3
This stores 3 printed lines into 3 groff strings.
var1,var2,var3. So the following groff command lines are
created:
.ds var1 first
.ds var2 second line
.nr var3 3
Смотри также (See also)
Man pages related to groff are groff(1), groff(7), and grog(1).
Documents related to Perl are perl(1), perl(7).
