распределитель памяти (a memory allocator)
Пролог (Prolog)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
Имя (Name)
malloc — a memory allocator
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <stdlib.h>
void *malloc(size_t size);
Описание (Description)
The functionality described on this reference page is aligned
with the ISO C standard. Any conflict between the requirements
described here and the ISO C standard is unintentional. This
volume of POSIX.1‐2017 defers to the ISO C standard.
The malloc() function shall allocate unused space for an object
whose size in bytes is specified by size and whose value is
unspecified.
The order and contiguity of storage allocated by successive calls
to malloc() is unspecified. The pointer returned if the
allocation succeeds shall be suitably aligned so that it may be
assigned to a pointer to any type of object and then used to
access such an object in the space allocated (until the space is
explicitly freed or reallocated). Each such allocation shall
yield a pointer to an object disjoint from any other object. The
pointer returned points to the start (lowest byte address) of the
allocated space. If the space cannot be allocated, a null pointer
shall be returned. If the size of the space requested is 0, the
behavior is implementation-defined: either a null pointer shall
be returned, or the behavior shall be as if the size were some
non-zero value, except that the behavior is undefined if the
returned pointer is used to access an object.
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
Upon successful completion with size not equal to 0, malloc()
shall return a pointer to the allocated space. If size is 0,
either:
* A null pointer shall be returned and errno may be set to an
implementation-defined value, or
* A pointer to the allocated space shall be returned. The
application shall ensure that the pointer is not used to
access an object.
Otherwise, it shall return a null pointer and set errno to
indicate the error.
Ошибки (Error)
The malloc() function shall fail if:
ENOMEM Insufficient storage space is available.
The following sections are informative.
Примеры (Examples)
None.
Использование в приложениях (Application usage)
None.
Обоснование (Rationale)
None.
Будущие направления (Future directions)
None.
Смотри также (See also)
calloc(3p), free(3p), getrlimit(3p), posix_memalign(3p),
realloc(3p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, stdlib.h(0p)
