язык запроса и информация о локали (query language and locale information)
Имя (Name)
nl_langinfo, nl_langinfo_l - query language and locale
information
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <langinfo.h>
char *nl_langinfo(nl_item item);
char *nl_langinfo_l(nl_item item, locale_t locale);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
feature_test_macros(7)):
nl_langinfo_l():
Since glibc 2.24:
_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809L
Glibc 2.23 and earlier:
_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
Описание (Description)
The nl_langinfo() and nl_langinfo_l() functions provide access to
locale information in a more flexible way than localeconv(3).
nl_langinfo() returns a string which is the value corresponding
to item in the program's current global locale. nl_langinfo_l()
returns a string which is the value corresponding to item for the
locale identified by the locale object locale, which was
previously created by newlocale(3). Individual and additional
elements of the locale categories can be queried.
Examples for the locale elements that can be specified in item
using the constants defined in <langinfo.h> are:
CODESET (LC_CTYPE)
Return a string with the name of the character encoding
used in the selected locale, such as "UTF-8",
"ISO-8859-1", or "ANSI_X3.4-1968" (better known as US-
ASCII). This is the same string that you get with "locale
charmap". For a list of character encoding names, try
"locale -m" (see locale(1)).
D_T_FMT (LC_TIME)
Return a string that can be used as a format string for
strftime(3) to represent time and date in a locale-
specific way (%c conversion specification).
D_FMT (LC_TIME)
Return a string that can be used as a format string for
strftime(3) to represent a date in a locale-specific way
(%x conversion specification).
T_FMT (LC_TIME)
Return a string that can be used as a format string for
strftime(3) to represent a time in a locale-specific way
(%X conversion specification).
AM_STR (LC_TIME)
Return a string that represents affix for ante meridiem
(before noon, "AM") time. (Used in %p strftime(3)
conversion specification.)
PM_STR (LC_TIME)
Return a string that represents affix for post meridiem
(before midnight, "PM") time. (Used in %p strftime(3)
conversion specification.)
T_FMT_AMPM (LC_TIME)
Return a string that can be used as a format string for
strftime(3) to represent a time in a.m. or p.m. notation
in a locale-specific way (%r conversion specification).
ERA (LC_TIME)
Return era description, which contains information about
how years are counted and displayed for each era in a
locale. Each era description segment shall have the
format:
direction:offset:start_date:end_date:era_name:era_format
according to the definitions below:
direction
Either a "+" or a "-" character. The "+" means
that years increase from the start_date towards the
end_date, "-" means the opposite.
offset The epoch year of the start_date.
start_date
A date in the form yyyy/mm/dd, where yyyy, mm, and
dd are the year, month, and day numbers
respectively of the start of the era.
end_date
The ending date of the era, in the same format as
the start_date, or one of the two special values
"-*" (minus infinity) or "+*" (plus infinity).
era_name
The name of the era, corresponding to the %EC
strftime(3) conversion specification.
era_format
The format of the year in the era, corresponding to
the %EY strftime(3) conversion specification.
Era description segments are separated by semicolons.
Most locales do not define this value. Examples of
locales that do define this value are the Japanese and
Thai locales.
ERA_D_T_FMT (LC_TIME)
Return a string that can be used as a format string for
strftime(3) for alternative representation of time and
date in a locale-specific way (%Ec conversion
specification).
ERA_D_FMT (LC_TIME)
Return a string that can be used as a format string for
strftime(3) for alternative representation of a date in a
locale-specific way (%Ex conversion specification).
ERA_T_FMT (LC_TIME)
Return a string that can be used as a format string for
strftime(3) for alternative representation of a time in a
locale-specific way (%EX conversion specification).
DAY_{1–7} (LC_TIME)
Return name of the n-th day of the week. [Warning: this
follows the US convention DAY_1 = Sunday, not the
international convention (ISO 8601) that Monday is the
first day of the week.] (Used in %A strftime(3)
conversion specification.)
ABDAY_{1–7} (LC_TIME)
Return abbreviated name of the n-th day of the week.
(Used in %a strftime(3) conversion specification.)
MON_{1–12} (LC_TIME)
Return name of the n-th month. (Used in %B strftime(3)
conversion specification.)
ABMON_{1–12} (LC_TIME)
Return abbreviated name of the n-th month. (Used in %b
strftime(3) conversion specification.)
RADIXCHAR (LC_NUMERIC)
Return radix character (decimal dot, decimal comma, etc.).
THOUSEP (LC_NUMERIC)
Return separator character for thousands (groups of three
digits).
YESEXPR (LC_MESSAGES)
Return a regular expression that can be used with the
regex(3) function to recognize a positive response to a
yes/no question.
NOEXPR (LC_MESSAGES)
Return a regular expression that can be used with the
regex(3) function to recognize a negative response to a
yes/no question.
CRNCYSTR (LC_MONETARY)
Return the currency symbol, preceded by "-" if the symbol
should appear before the value, "+" if the symbol should
appear after the value, or "." if the symbol should
replace the radix character.
The above list covers just some examples of items that can be
requested. For a more detailed list, consult The GNU C Library
Reference Manual.
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
On success, these functions return a pointer to a string which is
the value corresponding to item in the specified locale.
If no locale has been selected by setlocale(3) for the
appropriate category, nl_langinfo() return a pointer to the
corresponding string in the "C" locale. The same is true of
nl_langinfo_l() if locale specifies a locale where langinfo data
is not defined.
If item is not valid, a pointer to an empty string is returned.
The pointer returned by these functions may point to static data
that may be overwritten, or the pointer itself may be
invalidated, by a subsequent call to nl_langinfo(),
nl_langinfo_l(), or setlocale(3). The same statements apply to
nl_langinfo_l() if the locale object referred to by locale is
freed or modified by freelocale(3) or newlocale(3).
POSIX specifies that the application may not modify the string
returned by these functions.
Атрибуты (Attributes)
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
┌───────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬────────────────┐
│Interface │ Attribute │ Value │
├───────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼────────────────┤
│nl_langinfo() │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe locale │
└───────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴────────────────┘
Стандарты (Conforming to)
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SUSv2.
Примечание (Note)
The behavior of nl_langinfo_l() is undefined if locale is the
special locale object LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE or is not a valid locale
object handle.
Примеры (Examples)
The following program sets the character type and the numeric
locale according to the environment and queries the terminal
character set and the radix character.
#include <langinfo.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
printf("%s\n", nl_langinfo(CODESET));
printf("%s\n", nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR));
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
Смотри также (See also)
locale(1), localeconv(3), setlocale(3), charsets(7), locale(7)
The GNU C Library Reference Manual
