определить региональную среду (define locale environment)
Пролог (Prolog)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
Имя (Name)
localedef — define locale environment
Синопсис (Synopsis)
localedef [-c] [-f charmap] [-i sourcefile] [-u code_set_name] name
Описание (Description)
The localedef utility shall convert source definitions for locale
categories into a format usable by the functions and utilities
whose operational behavior is determined by the setting of the
locale environment variables defined in the Base Definitions
volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 7, Locale. It is implementation-
defined whether users have the capability to create new locales,
in addition to those supplied by the implementation. If the
symbolic constant POSIX2_LOCALEDEF is defined, the system
supports the creation of new locales. On XSI-conformant systems,
the symbolic constant POSIX2_LOCALEDEF shall be defined.
The utility shall read source definitions for one or more locale
categories belonging to the same locale from the file named in
the -i option (if specified) or from standard input.
The name operand identifies the target locale. The utility shall
support the creation of public, or generally accessible locales,
as well as private, or restricted-access locales. Implementations
may restrict the capability to create or modify public locales to
users with appropriate privileges.
Each category source definition shall be identified by the
corresponding environment variable name and terminated by an END
category-name statement. The following categories shall be
supported. In addition, the input may contain source for
implementation-defined categories.
LC_CTYPE Defines character classification and case conversion.
LC_COLLATE
Defines collation rules.
LC_MONETARY
Defines the format and symbols used in formatting of
monetary information.
LC_NUMERIC
Defines the decimal delimiter, grouping, and grouping
symbol for non-monetary numeric editing.
LC_TIME Defines the format and content of date and time
information.
LC_MESSAGES
Defines the format and values of affirmative and
negative responses.
Параметры (Options)
The localedef utility shall conform to the Base Definitions
volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
The following options shall be supported:
-c Create permanent output even if warning messages have
been issued.
-f charmap
Specify the pathname of a file containing a mapping of
character symbols and collating element symbols to
actual character encodings. The format of the charmap
is described in the Base Definitions volume of
POSIX.1‐2017, Section 6.4, Character Set Description
File. The application shall ensure that this option is
specified if symbolic names (other than collating
symbols defined in a collating-symbol keyword) are
used. If the -f option is not present, an
implementation-defined character mapping shall be used.
-i inputfile
The pathname of a file containing the source
definitions. If this option is not present, source
definitions shall be read from standard input. The
format of the inputfile is described in the Base
Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 7.3, Locale
Definition.
-u code_set_name
Specify the name of a codeset used as the target
mapping of character symbols and collating element
symbols whose encoding values are defined in terms of
the ISO/IEC 10646‐1:2000 standard position constant
values.
Операнды (Operands)
The following operand shall be supported:
name Identifies the locale; see the Base Definitions volume
of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 7, Locale for a description of
the use of this name. If the name contains one or more
<slash> characters, name shall be interpreted as a
pathname where the created locale definitions shall be
stored. If name does not contain any <slash>
characters, the interpretation of the name is
implementation-defined and the locale shall be public.
The ability to create public locales in this way may be
restricted to users with appropriate privileges. (As a
consequence of specifying one name, although several
categories can be processed in one execution, only
categories belonging to the same locale can be
processed.)
Стандартный ввод (Stdin)
Unless the -i option is specified, the standard input shall be a
text file containing one or more locale category source
definitions, as described in the Base Definitions volume of
POSIX.1‐2017, Section 7.3, Locale Definition. When lines are
continued using the escape character mechanism, there is no limit
to the length of the accumulated continued line.
Входные файлы (Input files)
The character set mapping file specified as the charmap option-
argument is described in the Base Definitions volume of
POSIX.1‐2017, Section 6.4, Character Set Description File. If a
locale category source definition contains a copy statement, as
defined in the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter
7, Locale, and the copy statement names a valid, existing locale,
then localedef shall behave as if the source definition had
contained a valid category source definition for the named
locale.
Переменные окружения (Environment variables)
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
localedef:
LANG Provide a default value for the internationalization
variables that are unset or null. (See the Base
Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 8.2,
Internationalization Variables for the precedence of
internationalization variables used to determine the
values of locale categories.)
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values
of all the other internationalization variables.
LC_COLLATE
(This variable has no affect on localedef; the POSIX
locale is used for this category.)
LC_CTYPE Determine the locale for the interpretation of
sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for
example, single-byte as opposed to multi-byte
characters in arguments and input files). This variable
has no affect on the processing of localedef input
data; the POSIX locale is used for this purpose,
regardless of the value of this variable.
LC_MESSAGES
Determine the locale that should be used to affect the
format and contents of diagnostic messages written to
standard error.
NLSPATH Determine the location of message catalogs for the
processing of LC_MESSAGES.
Асинхронные события (Asynchronous events)
Default.
Стандартный вывод (Stdout)
The utility shall report all categories successfully processed,
in an unspecified format.
Стандартный вывод сообщений (Stderr)
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
Выходные файлы (Output files)
The format of the created output is unspecified. If the name
operand does not contain a <slash>, the existence of an output
file for the locale is unspecified.
Расширенное описание (Extended description)
When the -u option is used, the code_set_name option-argument
shall be interpreted as an implementation-defined name of a
codeset to which the ISO/IEC 10646‐1:2000 standard position
constant values shall be converted via an implementation-defined
method. Both the ISO/IEC 10646‐1:2000 standard position constant
values and other formats (decimal, hexadecimal, or octal) shall
be valid as encoding values within the charmap file. The codeset
represented by the implementation-defined name can be any codeset
that is supported by the implementation.
When conflicts occur between the charmap specification of
<code_set_name>, <mb_cur_max>, or <mb_cur_min> and the
implementation-defined interpretation of these respective items
for the codeset represented by the -u option-argument
code_set_name, the result is unspecified.
When conflicts occur between the charmap encoding values
specified for symbolic names of characters of the portable
character set and the implementation-defined assignment of
character encoding values, the result is unspecified.
If a non-printable character in the charmap has a width specified
that is not -1, the result will be undefined.
Статус выхода (Exit)
The following exit values shall be returned:
0 No errors occurred and the locales were successfully
created.
1 Warnings occurred and the locales were successfully
created.
2 The locale specification exceeded implementation limits or
the coded character set or sets used were not supported by
the implementation, and no locale was created.
3 The capability to create new locales is not supported by
the implementation.
>3 Warnings or errors occurred and no output was created.
Последствия ошибок (Consequences of errors)
If an error is detected, no permanent output shall be created.
If warnings occur, permanent output shall be created if the -c
option was specified. The following conditions shall cause
warning messages to be issued:
* If a symbolic name not found in the charmap file is used for
the descriptions of the LC_CTYPE or LC_COLLATE categories
(for other categories, this shall be an error condition).
* If the number of operands to the order keyword exceeds the
{COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX} limit.
* If optional keywords not supported by the implementation are
present in the source.
Other implementation-defined conditions may also cause warnings.
The following sections are informative.
Использование в приложениях (Application usage)
The charmap definition is optional, and is contained outside the
locale definition. This allows both completely self-defined
source files, and generic sources (applicable to more than one
codeset). To aid portability, all charmap definitions must use
the same symbolic names for the portable character set. As
explained in the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section
6.4, Character Set Description File, it is implementation-defined
whether or not users or applications can provide additional
character set description files. Therefore, the -f option might
be operable only when an implementation-defined charmap is named.
Примеры (Examples)
None.
Обоснование (Rationale)
The output produced by the localedef utility is implementation-
defined. The name operand is used to identify the specific
locale. (As a consequence, although several categories can be
processed in one execution, only categories belonging to the same
locale can be processed.)
Будущие направления (Future directions)
None.
Смотри также (See also)
locale(1p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 6.4,
Character Set Description File, Chapter 7, Locale, Chapter 8,
Environment Variables, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines
