дружественная программа последовательной связи (friendly serial communication program)
Конфигурация (Configuration)
By pressing C-A O you will be thrown into the setup menu.
Filenames and paths
This menu defines your default directories.
A - Download directory
where the downloaded files go to.
B - Upload directory
where the uploaded files are read from.
C - Script directory
Where you keep your login scripts.
D - Script program
Which program to use as the script interpreter. Defaults
to the program "runscript", but if you want to use
something else (eg, /bin/sh or "expect") it is possible.
Stdin and stdout are connected to the modem, stderr to the
screen.
If the path is relative (ie, does not start with a slash)
then it's relative to your home directory, except for the
script interpreter.
E - Kermit program
Where to find the executable for kermit, and it's options.
Some simple macro's can be used on the command line: '%l'
is expanded to the complete filename of the dial out-
device, '%f' is expanded to the serial port file
descriptor and '%b' is expanded to the current serial port
speed.
F - Logging options
Options to configure the logfile writing.
A - File name
Here you can enter the name of the logfile. The file
will be written in your home directory, and the
default value is "minicom.log". If you blank the
name, all logging is turned off.
B - Log connects and hangups
This option defines whether or not the logfile is
written when the remote end answers the call or hangs
up. Or when you give the hangup command yourself or
leave minicom without hangup while online.
C - Log file transfers
Do you want log entries of receiving and sending
files.
The 'log' command in the scripts is not affected by logging
options B and C. It is always executed, if you just have the
name of the log file defined.
File Transfer Protocols
Protocols defined here will show up when C-A s/r is pressed.
"Name" in the beginning of the line is the name that will show
up in the menu. "Program" is the path to the protocol. "Name"
after that defines if the program needs an argument, e.g. a
file to be transmitted. U/D defines if this entry should show
up in the upload or the download menu. Fullscr defines if the
program should run full screen, or that minicom will only show
it's stderr in a window. IO-Red defines if minicom should
attach the program's standard in and output to the modem port
or not. "Multi" tells the filename selection window whether or
not the protocol can send multiple files with one command. It
has no effect on download protocols, and it is also ignored
with upload protocols if you don't use the filename selection
window. The old sz and rz are not full screen, and have IO-Red
set. However, there are curses based versions of at least rz
that do not want their stdin and stdout redirected, and run
full screen. All file transfer protocols are run with the UID
of the user, and not with UID=root. '%l', '%f' and '%b' can be
used on the command line as with kermit. Within this menu you
can also define if you want to use the filename selection
window when prompted for files to upload, and if you like to be
prompted for the download directory every time the automatic
download is started. If you leave the download directory prompt
disabled, the download directory defined in the file and
directory menu is used.
Serial port setup
A - Serial device
/dev/tty1 or /dev/ttyS1 for most people. /dev/cua<n> is
still possible under GNU/Linux, but no longer recommended
as these devices are obsolete and many systems with kernel
2.2.x or newer don't have them. Use /dev/ttyS<n> instead.
You may also have /dev/modem as a symlink to the real
device.
If you have modems connected to two or more serial ports,
you may specify all of them here in a list separated by
space, comma or semicolon. When Minicom starts, it checks
the list until it finds an available modem and uses that
one. (However, you can't specify different init strings to
them... at least not yet.)
To use a UNIX socket for communication the device name
must be prefixed with "unix#" following by the full path
and the filename of the socket. Minicom will then try to
connect to this socket as a client. As long as it cannot
connect to the socket it stays 'offline'. As soon as the
connection establishes, minicom goes 'online'. If the
server closes the socket, minicom switches to 'offline'
again.
B - Lock file location
On most systems This should be /usr/spool/uucp. GNU/Linux
systems use /var/lock. If this directory does not exist,
minicom will not attempt to use lockfiles.
C - Callin program
If you have a uugetty or something on your serial port, it
could be that you want a program to be run to switch the
modem cq. port into dialin/dialout mode. This is the
program to get into dialin mode.
D - Callout program
And this to get into dialout mode.
E - Bps/Par/Bits
Default parameters at startup.
If one of the entries is left blank, it will not be used. So if
you don't care about locking, and don't have a getty running on
your modemline, entries B - D should be left blank.
Modem and Dialing
Here, the parameters for your modem are defined. I will not
explain this further because the defaults are for generic Hayes
modems, and should work always. This file is not a Hayes
tutorial :-) The only things worth noticing are that control
characters can be sent by prefixing them with a '^', in which
'^^' means '^' itself, and the '\' character must also be
doubled as '\\', because backslash is used specially in the
macro definitions. Some options however, don't have much to do
with the modem but more with the behaviour of minicom itself:
M - Dial time
The number of seconds before minicom times out if no
connection is established.
N - Delay before redial
Minicom will redial if no connection was made, but it
first waits some time.
O - Number of tries
Maximum number of times that minicom attempts to dial.
P - Drop DTR time
If you set this to 0, minicom hangs up by sending a Hayes-
type hangup sequence. If you specify a non-zero value, the
hangup will be done by dropping the DTR line. The value
tells in seconds how long DTR will be kept down.
Q - Auto bps detect
If this is on, minicom tries to match the dialed party's
speed. With most modern modems this is NOT desirable,
since the modem buffers the data and converts the speed.
R - Modem has DCD line
If your modem, and your O/S both support the DCD line
(that goes 'high' when a connection is made) minicom will
use it. When you have this option on, minicom will also
NOT start dialing while you are already online.
S - Status line shows DTE speed / line speed
You can toggle the status line to show either the DTE
speed (the speed which minicom uses to communicate with
your modem) or the line speed (the speed that your modem
uses on the line to communicate with the other modem).
Notice that the line speed may change during the
connection, but you will still only see the initial speed
that the modems started the connection with. This is
because the modem doesn't tell the program if the speed is
changed. Also, to see the line speed, you need to have the
modem set to show it in the connect string. Otherwise you
will only see 0 as the line speed.
T - Multi-line untag
You can toggle the feature to untag entries from the
dialing directory when a connection is established to a
multi-line BBS. All the tagged entries that have the same
name are untagged.
Note that a special exception is made for this menu: every
user can change all parameters here, but some of them will
not be saved.
Screen and keyboard
A - Command key is
the 'Hot Key' that brings you into command mode. If this
is set to 'ALT' or 'meta key', you can directly call
commands by alt-key instead of HotKey-key.
B - Backspace key sends
There still are some systems that want a VT100 to send DEL
instead of BS. With this option you can enable that
stupidity. (Eh, it's even on by default...)
C - Status line is
Enabled or disabled. Some slow terminals (for example, X-
terminals) cause the status line to jump "up and down"
when scrolling, so you can turn it off if desired. It will
still be shown in command-mode.
D - Alarm sound
If turned on, minicom will sound an alarm (on the console
only) after a successful connection and when
up/downloading is complete.
E - Foreground Color (menu)
indicates the foreground color to use for all the
configuration windows in minicom.
F - Background Color (menu)
indicates the background color to use for all the
configuration windows in minicom. Note that minicom will
not allow you to set foreground and background colors to
the same value.
G - Foreground Color (term)
indicates the foreground color to use in the terminal
window.
H - Background Color (term)
indicates the background color to use in the terminal
window. Note that minicom will not allow you to set
foreground and background colors to the same value.
I - Foreground Color (stat)
indicates the foreground color to use in for the status
bar.
J - Background Color (stat)
indicates the color to use in for the status bar. Note
that minicom will allow you to set the status bar's
foreground and background colors to the same value. This
will effectively make the status bar invisible but if
these are your intentions, please see the option
K - History buffer size
The number of lines to keep in the history buffer (for
backscrolling).
L - Macros file
is the full path to the file that holds macros. Macros
allow you to define a string to be sent when you press a
certain key. In minicom, you may define F1 through F12 to
send up to 256 characters [this is set at compile time].
The filename you specify is verified as soon as you hit
ENTER. If you do not have permissions to create the
specified file, an error message will so indicate and you
will be forced to re-edit the filename. If you are
permitted to create the file, minicom checks to see if it
already exists. If so, it assumes it's a macro file and
reads it in. If it isn't, well, it's your problem :-) If
the file does not exist, the filename is accepted.
M - Edit Macros
opens up a new window which allows you to edit the F1
through F12 macros.
N - Macros enabled
- Yes or No. If macros are disabled, the F1-F12 keys will
just send the VT100/VT220 function key escape sequences.
O - Character conversion
The active conversion table filename is shown here. If you
can see no name, no conversion is active. Pressing O, you
will see the conversion table edit menu.
Edit Macros
Here, the macros for F1 through F12 are defined. The
bottom of the window shows a legend of character
combinations that have special meaning. They allow you
to enter special control characters with plain text by
prefixing them with a '^', in which '^^' means '^'
itself. You can send a 1 second delay with the '^~'
code. This is useful when you are trying to login after
ftp'ing or telnet'ing somewhere. You can also include
your current username and password from the phone
directory in the macros with '\u' and '\p',
respectively. If you need the backslash character in
the macro, write it doubled as '\\'. To edit a macro,
press the shown number or letter and you will be moved
to the end of the macro. When editing the line, you may
use the left & right arrows, Home & End keys, Delete &
BackSpace, and ESC and RETURN. ESC cancels any changes
made while ENTER accepts the changes.
Character conversion
Here you can edit the character conversion table. If
you are not an American, you know that in many
languages there are characters that are not included in
the ASCII character set, and in the old times they may
have replaced some less important characters in ASCII
and now they are often represented with character codes
above 127. AND there are various different ways to
represent them. This is where you may edit conversion
tables for systems that use a character set different
from the one on your computer.
A - Load table
You probably guessed it. This command loads a table
from the disk. You are asked a file name for the
table. Predefined tables .mciso, .mcpc8 and .mcsf7
should be included with the program. Table .mciso
does no conversion, .mcpc8 is to be used for
connections with systems that use the 8-bit pc
character set, and .mcsf7 is for compatibility with
the systems that uses the good old 7-bit coding to
replace the characters {|}[]\ with the diacritical
characters used in Finnish and Swedish.
B - Save table
This one saves the active table on the filename you
specify.
C - edit char
This is where you can make your own modifications to
the existing table. First you are asked the
character value (in decimal) whose conversion you
want to change. Next you'll say which character you
want to see on your screen when that character comes
from the outside world. And then you'll be asked what
you want to be sent out when you enter that character
from your keyboard.
D - next screen
E - prev screen
Yeah, you probably noticed that this screen shows you
what kind of conversions are active. The screen just
is (usually) too small to show the whole table at
once in an easy-to-understand format. This is how you
can scroll the table left and right.
F - convert capture
Toggles whether or not the character conversion table
is used when writing the capture file.
Save setup as dfl
Save the parameters as the default for the next time the
program is started. Instead of dfl, any other parameter name
may appear, depending on which one was used when the program
was started.
Save setup as..
Save the parameters under a special name. Whenever Minicom is
started with this name as an argument, it will use these
parameters. This option is of course privileged to root.
Exit
Escape from this menu without saving. This can also be done
with ESC.
Exit from minicom
Only root will see this menu entry, if he/she started minicom
with the '-s' option. This way, it is possible to change the
configuration without actually running minicom.
