применить файл сравнения к оригиналу (apply a diff file to an original)
Предостережение (Caveat)
Context diffs cannot reliably represent the creation or deletion
of empty files, empty directories, or special files such as
symbolic links. Nor can they represent changes to file metadata
like ownership, permissions, or whether one file is a hard link
to another. If changes like these are also required, separate
instructions (e.g. a shell script) to accomplish them should
accompany the patch.
patch cannot tell if the line numbers are off in an ed script,
and can detect bad line numbers in a normal diff only when it
finds a change or deletion. A context diff using fuzz factor 3
may have the same problem. You should probably do a context diff
in these cases to see if the changes made sense. Of course,
compiling without errors is a pretty good indication that the
patch worked, but not always.
patch usually produces the correct results, even when it has to
do a lot of guessing. However, the results are guaranteed to be
correct only when the patch is applied to exactly the same
version of the file that the patch was generated from.
