найти слот терминала текущего пользователя в каком-либо файле (find the slot of the current user's terminal in some file)
Имя (Name)
ttyslot - find the slot of the current user's terminal in some
file
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <unistd.h> /* See NOTES */
int ttyslot(void);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
feature_test_macros(7)):
ttyslot():
Since glibc 2.24:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE
From glibc 2.20 to 2.23:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE || (_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE < 500)
Glibc 2.19 and earlier:
_BSD_SOURCE || (_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE < 500)
Описание (Description)
The legacy function ttyslot() returns the index of the current
user's entry in some file.
Now "What file?" you ask. Well, let's first look at some
history.
Ancient history
There used to be a file /etc/ttys in UNIX V6, that was read by
the init(1) program to find out what to do with each terminal
line. Each line consisted of three characters. The first
character was either '0' or '1', where '0' meant "ignore". The
second character denoted the terminal: '8' stood for "/dev/tty8".
The third character was an argument to getty(8) indicating the
sequence of line speeds to try ('-' was: start trying 110 baud).
Thus a typical line was "18-". A hang on some line was solved by
changing the '1' to a '0', signaling init, changing back again,
and signaling init again.
In UNIX V7 the format was changed: here the second character was
the argument to getty(8) indicating the sequence of line speeds
to try ('0' was: cycle through 300-1200-150-110 baud; '4' was for
the on-line console DECwriter) while the rest of the line
contained the name of the tty. Thus a typical line was
"14console".
Later systems have more elaborate syntax. System V-like systems
have /etc/inittab instead.
Ancient history (2)
On the other hand, there is the file /etc/utmp listing the people
currently logged in. It is maintained by login(1). It has a
fixed size, and the appropriate index in the file was determined
by login(1) using the ttyslot() call to find the number of the
line in /etc/ttys (counting from 1).
The semantics of ttyslot
Thus, the function ttyslot() returns the index of the controlling
terminal of the calling process in the file /etc/ttys, and that
is (usually) the same as the index of the entry for the current
user in the file /etc/utmp. BSD still has the /etc/ttys file,
but System V-like systems do not, and hence cannot refer to it.
Thus, on such systems the documentation says that ttyslot()
returns the current user's index in the user accounting data
base.
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
If successful, this function returns the slot number. On error
(e.g., if none of the file descriptors 0, 1, or 2 is associated
with a terminal that occurs in this data base) it returns 0 on
UNIX V6 and V7 and BSD-like systems, but -1 on System V-like
systems.
Атрибуты (Attributes)
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
┌────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬───────────┐
│Interface │ Attribute │ Value │
├────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼───────────┤
│ttyslot() │ Thread safety │ MT-Unsafe │
└────────────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴───────────┘
Стандарты (Conforming to)
SUSv1; marked as LEGACY in SUSv2; removed in POSIX.1-2001. SUSv2
requires -1 on error.
Примечание (Note)
The utmp file is found in various places on various systems, such
as /etc/utmp, /var/adm/utmp, /var/run/utmp.
The glibc2 implementation of this function reads the file
_PATH_TTYS, defined in <ttyent.h> as "/etc/ttys". It returns 0
on error. Since Linux systems do not usually have "/etc/ttys",
it will always return 0.
On BSD-like systems and Linux, the declaration of ttyslot() is
provided by <unistd.h>. On System V-like systems, the
declaration is provided by <stdlib.h>. Since glibc 2.24,
<stdlib.h> also provides the declaration with the following
feature test macro definitions:
(_XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 ||
(_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED))
&& ! (_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600)
Minix also has fttyslot(fd).
Смотри также (See also)
getttyent(3), ttyname(3), utmp(5)
