Depending on the requested report, a number of columns with
output values are produced. The values are mostly presented as a
number of events per second.
The output for the flag -c contains the following columns per
cpu:
usr% Percentage of cpu-time consumed in user mode (program
text) for all active processes running with a nice value
of zero (default) or a negative nice value (which means a
higher priority than usual). The cpu consumption in user
mode of processes with a nice value larger than zero
(lower priority) is indicated in the nice%-column.
nice% Percentage of cpu time consumed in user mode (i.e. program
text) for all processes running witn a nice value larger
than zero (which means with a lower priority than
average).
sys% Percentage of cpu time consumed in system mode (kernel
text) for all active processes. A high percentage usually
indicates a lot of system calls being issued.
irq% Percentage of cpu time consumed for handling of device
interrupts.
softirq%
Percentage of cpu time consumed for soft interrupt
handling.
steal% Percentage of cpu time stolen by other virtual machines
running on the same hardware.
guest% Percentage of cpu time used by other virtual machines
running on the same hardware (overlaps with usr%/nice%).
wait% Percentage of unused cpu time while at least one of the
processes in wait-state awaits completion of disk I/O.
idle% Percentage of unused cpu time because all processes are in
a wait-state but not waiting for disk-I/O.
The output for the flag -g contains the following columns per
GPU:
busaddr
GPU number and bus-ID (separated by '/').
gpubusy
GPU busy percentage during interval.
membusy
GPU memory busy percentage during interval, i.e. time to
issue read and write accesses on memory.
memocc Percentage of memory occupation at this moment.
memtot Total memory available.
memuse Used GPU memory at this moment.
gputype
Type of GPU.
The output for the flag -p contains the following values:
pswch/s
Number of process switches (also called context switches)
per second on this cpu. A process switch occurs at the
moment that an active thread (i.e. the thread using a
cpu) enters a wait state or has used its time slice
completely; another thread will then be chosen to use the
cpu.
devintr/s
Number of hardware interrupts handled per second on this
cpu.
clones/s
The number of new threads started per second.
loadavg1
Load average reflecting the average number of threads in
the runqueue or in non-interruptible wait state (usually
waiting for disk or tape I/O) during the last minute.
loadavg5
Load average reflecting the average number of threads in
the runqueue or in non-interruptible wait state (usually
waiting for disk or tape I/O) during the last 5 minutes.
loadavg15
Load average reflecting the average number of threads in
the runqueue or in non-interruptible wait state (usually
waiting for disk or tape I/O) during the last 15 minutes.
The output for the flag -P contains information about the
processes and threads:
clones/s
The number of new threads started per second.
pexit/s
curproc
Total number of processes present in the system.
curzomb
Number of zombie processes present in the system.
thrrun Total number of threads present in the system in state
'running'.
thrslpi
Total number of threads present in the system in state
'interruptible sleeping'.
thrslpu
Total number of threads present in the system in state
'uninterruptible sleeping'.
The output for the flag -m contains information about the memory-
and swap-utilization:
memtotal
Total usable main memory size.
memfree
Available main memory size at this moment (snapshot).
buffers
Main memory used at this moment to cache metadata-blocks
(snapshot).
cached Main memory used at this moment to cache data-blocks
(snapshot).
dirty Amount of memory in the page cache that still has to be
flushed to disk at this moment (snapshot).
slabmem
Main memory used at this moment for dynamically allocated
memory by the kernel (snapshot).
swptotal
Total swap space size at this moment (snapshot).
swpfree
Available swap space at this moment (snapshot).
The output for the flag -s contains information about the
frequency of swapping:
pagescan/s
Number of scanned pages per second due to the fact that
free memory drops below a particular threshold.
swapin/s
The number of memory-pages the system read from the swap-
device per second.
swapout/s
The number of memory-pages the system wrote to the swap-
device per second.
commitspc
The committed virtual memory space i.e. the reserved
virtual space for all allocations of private memory space
for processes.
commitlim
The maximum limit for the committed space, which is by
default swap size plus 50% of memory size. The kernel
only verifies whether the committed space exceeds the
limit if strict overcommit handling is configured
(vm.overcommit_memory is 2).
The output for the flag -B contains the Pressure Stall
Information (PSI):
cpusome
Average pressure percentage during the interval for the
category 'CPU some'.
memsome
Average pressure percentage during the interval for the
category 'memory some'.
memfull
Average pressure percentage during the interval for the
category 'memory full'.
iosome Average pressure percentage during the interval for the
category 'I/O some'.
iofull Average pressure percentage during the interval for the
category 'I/O full'.
The output for the flags -l (LVM), -f (MD), and -d (hard disk)
contains the following columns per active unit:
disk Name.
busy Busy-percentage of the unit (i.e. the portion of time that
the device was busy handling requests).
read/s Number of read-requests issued per second on this unit.
KB/read
Average number of Kbytes transferred per read-request for
this unit.
writ/s Number of write-requests issued per second on this unit.
KB/writ
Average number of Kbytes transferred per write-request for
this unit.
avque Average number of requests outstanding in the queue during
the time that the unit is busy.
avserv Average number of milliseconds needed by a request on this
unit (seek, latency and data-transfer).
The output for the flag -n contains information about activity on
NFS mounted filesystems (client):
mounted_device
Mounted device containing server name and server directory
being mounted.
physread/s
Kilobytes data physically read from the NFS server by
processes running on the NFS client.
KBwrite/s
Kilobytes data physically written to the NFS server by
processes running on the NFS client.
When the NFS filesystem was mounted during the interval,
the state 'M' is shown.
The output for the flag -j contains information about NFS client
activity:
rpc/s Number of RPC calls per second issued to NFS server(s).
rpcread/s
Number of read RPC calls per second issued to NFS
server(s).
rpcwrite/s
Number of write RPC calls per second issued to NFS
server(s).
retrans/s
Number of retransmitted RPC calls per second.
autrefresh/s
Number of authorization refreshes per second.
The output for the flag -J contains information about NFS server
activity:
rpc/s Number of RPC calls per second received from NFS
client(s).
rpcread/s
Number of read RPC calls per second received from NFS
client(s).
rpcwrite/s
Number of write RPC calls per second received from NFS
client(s).
MBcr/s Number of Megabytes per second returned to read requests
by clients.
MBcw/s Number of Megabytes per second passed in write requests by
clients.
nettcp/s
Number of requests per second handled via TCP.
netudp/s
Number of requests per second handled via UDP.
The output for the flag -i provides information about utilization
of network interfaces:
interf Name of interface.
busy Busy percentage for this interface. If the linespeed of
this interface could not be determined (e.g. for virtual
interfaces), a question mark is shown.
ipack/s
Number of packets received from this interface per second.
opack/s
Number of packets transmitted to this interface per
second.
iKbyte/s
Number of Kbytes received from this interface per second.
oKbyte/s
Number of Kbytes transmitted via this interface per
second.
imbps/s
Effective number of megabits received per second.
ombps/s
Effective number of megabits transmitted per second.
maxmbps/s
Linespeed as number of megabits per second. If the
linespeed could not be determined (e.g. virtual
interfaces), value 0 is shown.
The linespeed is followed by the indication 'f' (full
duplex) or 'h' (half duplex).
The output for the flag -I provides information about the
failures that were detected for network interfaces:
interf Name of interface.
ierr/s Number of bad packets received from this interface per
second.
oerr/s Number of times that packet transmission to this interface
failed per second.
coll/s Number of collisions encountered per second while
transmitting packets.
idrop/s
Number of received packets dropped per second due to lack
of buffer-space in the local system.
odrop/s
Number of transmitted packets dropped per second due to
lack of buffer-space in the local system.
iframe/s
Number of frame alignment-errors encountered per second on
received packets.
ocarrier/s
Number of carrier-errors encountered per second on
transmitted packets.
The output for the flag -w provides information about the
utilization of the IPv4-layer (formal SNMP-names between
brackets):
inrecv/s
Number of IP datagrams received from interfaces per
second, including those received in error (ipInReceives).
outreq/s
Number of IP datagrams that local higher-layer protocols
supplied to IP in requests for transmission per second
(ipOutRequests).
indeliver/s
Number of received IP datagrams that have been
successfully delivered to higher protocol-layers per
second (ipInDelivers).
forward/s
Number of received IP datagrams per second for which this
entity was not their final IP destination, as a result of
which an attempt was made to forward (ipForwDatagrams).
reasmok/s
Number of IP datagrams successfully reassembled per second
(ipReasmOKs).
fragcreat/s
Number of IP datagram fragments generated per second at
this entity (ipFragCreates).
The output for the flag -W provides information about the
failures that were detected in the IPv4-layer (formal SNMP-names
between brackets):
in: dsc/s
Number of input IP datagrams per second for which no
problems were encountered to prevent their continued
processing but that were discarded, e.g. for lack of
buffer space (ipInDiscards).
in: hder/s
Number of input IP datagrams per second discarded due to
errors in the IP header (ipInHdrErrors).
in: ader/s
Number of input IP datagrams per second discarded because
the IP address in the destination field was not valid to
be received by this entity (ipInAddrErrors).
in: unkp/s
Number of inbound packets per second that were discarded
because of an unknown or unsupported protocol
(ipInUnknownProtos).
in: ratim/s
Number of timeout-situations per second while other
fragments were expected for successful reassembly
(ipReasmTimeout).
in: rfail/s
Number of failures detected per second by the IP
reassembly algorithm (ipReasmFails).
out: dsc/s
Number of output IP datagrams per second for which no
problems were encountered to prevent their continued
processing but that were discarded, e.g. for lack of
buffer space (ipOutDiscards).
out: nrt/s
Number of IP datagrams per second discarded because no
route could be found (ipOutNoRoutes).
The output for the flag -y provides information about the general
utilization of the ICMPv4-layer and some information per type of
ICMP-message (formal SNMP-names between brackets):
intot/s
Number of ICMP messages (any type) received per second at
this entity (icmpInMsgs).
outtot/s
Number of ICMP messages (any type) transmitted per second
from this entity (icmpOutMsgs).
inecho/s
Number of ICMP Echo (request) messages received per second
(icmpInEchos).
inerep/s
Number of ICMP Echo-Reply messages received per second
(icmpInEchoReps).
otecho/s
Number of ICMP Echo (request) messages transmitted per
second (icmpOutEchos).
oterep/s
Number of ICMP Echo-Reply messages transmitted per second
(icmpOutEchoReps).
The output for the flag -Y provides information about other types
of ICMPv4-messages (formal SNMP-names between brackets):
ierr/s Number of ICMP messages received per second but determined
to have ICMP-specific errors (icmpInErrors).
isq/s Number of ICMP Source Quench messages received per second
(icmpInSrcQuenchs).
ird/s Number of ICMP Redirect messages received per second
(icmpInRedirects).
idu/s Number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages received
per second (icmpInDestUnreachs).
ite/s Number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages received per second
(icmpOutTimeExcds).
oerr/s Number of ICMP messages transmitted per second but
determined to have ICMP-specific errors (icmpOutErrors).
osq/s Number of ICMP Source Quench messages transmitted per
second (icmpOutSrcQuenchs).
ord/s Number of ICMP Redirect messages transmitted per second
(icmpOutRedirects).
odu/s Number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages
transmitted per second (icmpOutDestUnreachs).
ote/s Number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages transmitted per
second (icmpOutTimeExcds).
The output for the flag -u provides information about the
utilization of the UDPv4-layer (formal SNMP-names between
brackets):
indgram/s
Number of UDP datagrams per second delivered to UDP users
(udpInDatagrams).
outdgram/s
Number of UDP datagrams transmitted per second from this
entity (udpOutDatagrams).
inerr/s
Number of received UDP datagrams per second that could not
be delivered for reasons other than the lack of an
application at the destination port (udpInErrors).
noport/s
Number of received UDP datagrams per second for which
there was no application at the destination port
(udpNoPorts).
The output for the flag -z provides information about the
utilization of the IPv6-layer (formal SNMP-names between
brackets):
inrecv/s
Number of input IPv6-datagrams received from interfaces
per second, including those received in error
(ipv6IfStatsInReceives).
outreq/s
Number of IPv6-datagrams per second that local higher-
layer protocols supplied to IP in requests for
transmission (ipv6IfStatsOutRequests). This counter does
not include any forwarded datagrams.
inmc/s Number of multicast packets per second that have been
received by the interface (ipv6IfStatsInMcastPkts).
outmc/s
Number of multicast packets per second that have been
transmitted to the interface (ipv6IfStatsOutMcastPkts).
indeliv/s
Number of IP datagrams successfully delivered per second
to IPv6 user-protocols, including ICMP
(ipv6IfStatsInDelivers).
reasmok/s
Number of IPv6 datagrams successfully reassembled per
second (ipv6IfStatsReasmOKs).
fragcre/s
Number of IPv6 datagram fragments generated per second at
this entity (ipv6IfStatsOutFragCreates).
The output for the flag -Z provides information about the
failures that were detected in the IPv6-layer (formal SNMP-names
between brackets):
in: dsc/s
Number of input IPv6 datagrams per second for which no
problems were encountered to prevent their continued
processing but that were discarded, e.g. for lack of
buffer space (ipv6IfStatsInDiscards).
in: hder/s
Number of input datagrams per second discarded due to
errors in the IPv6 header (ipv6IfStatsInHdrErrors).
in: ader/s
Number of input datagrams per second discarded because the
IPv6 address in the destination field was not valid to be
received by this entity (ipv6IfStatsInAddrErrors).
in: unkp/s
Number of locally-addressed datagrams per second that were
discarded because of an unknown or unsupported protocol
(ipv6IfStatsInUnknownProtos).
in: ratim/s
Number of timeout-situations per second while other IPv6
fragments were expected for successful reassembly
(ipv6ReasmTimeout).
in: rfail/s
Number of failures detected per second by the IPv6
reassembly-algorithm (ipv6IfStatsReasmFails).
out: dsc/s
Number of output IPv6 datagrams per second for which no
problems were encountered to prevent their continued
processing but that were discarded, e.g. for lack of
buffer space (ipv6IfStatsOutDiscards).
out: nrt/s
Number of IPv6 datagrams per second discarded because no
route could be found (ipv6IfStatsInNoRoutes).
The output for the flag -k provides information about the general
utilization of the ICMPv6-layer and some information per type of
ICMP-message (formal SNMP-names between brackets):
intot/s
Number of ICMPv6 messages (any type) received per second
at the interface (ipv6IfIcmpInMsgs).
outtot/s
Number of ICMPv6 messages (any type) transmitted per
second from this entity (ipv6IfIcmpOutMsgs).
inerr/s
Number of ICMPv6 messages received per second that had
ICMP-specific errors, such as bad ICMP checksums, bad
length, etc (ipv6IfIcmpInErrors).
innsol/s
Number of ICMP Neighbor Solicit messages received per
second (ipv6IfIcmpInNeighborSolicits).
innadv/s
Number of ICMP Neighbor Advertisement messages received
per second (ipv6IfIcmpInNeighborAdvertisements).
otnsol/s
Number of ICMP Neighbor Solicit messages transmitted per
second (ipv6IfIcmpOutNeighborSolicits).
otnadv/s
Number of ICMP Neighbor Advertisement messages transmitted
per second (ipv6IfIcmpOutNeighborAdvertisements).
The output for the flag -K provides information about other types
of ICMPv6-messages (formal SNMP-names between brackets):
iecho/s
Number of ICMP Echo (request) messages received per second
(ipv6IfIcmpInEchos).
ierep/s
Number of ICMP Echo-Reply messages received per second
(ipv6IfIcmpInEchoReplies).
oerep/s
Number of ICMP Echo-Reply messages transmitted per second
(ipv6IfIcmpOutEchoReplies).
idu/s Number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages received
per second (ipv6IfIcmpInDestUnreachs).
odu/s Number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages
transmitted per second (ipv6IfIcmpOutDestUnreachs).
ird/s Number of ICMP Redirect messages received per second
(ipv6IfIcmpInRedirects).
ord/s Number of ICMP Redirect messages transmitted per second
(ipv6IfIcmpOutRedirect).
ite/s Number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages received per second
(ipv6IfIcmpInTimeExcds).
ote/s Number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages transmitted per
second (ipv6IfIcmpOutTimeExcds).
The output for the flag -U provides information about the
utilization of the UDPv6-layer (formal SNMP-names between
brackets):
indgram/s
Number of UDPv6 datagrams per second delivered to UDP
users (udpInDatagrams),
outdgram/s
Number of UDPv6 datagrams transmitted per second from this
entity (udpOutDatagrams),
inerr/s
Number of received UDPv6 datagrams per second that could
not be delivered for reasons other than the lack of an
application at the destination port (udpInErrors).
noport/s
Number of received UDPv6 datagrams per second for which
there was no application at the destination port
(udpNoPorts).
The output for the flag -t provides information about the
utilization of the TCP-layer (formal SNMP-names between
brackets):
insegs/s
Number of received segments per second, including those
received in error (tcpInSegs).
outsegs/s
Number of transmitted segments per second, excluding those
containing only retransmitted octets (tcpOutSegs).
actopen/s
Number of active opens per second that have been supported
by this entity (tcpActiveOpens).
pasopen/s
Number of passive opens per second that have been
supported by this entity (tcpPassiveOpens).
nowopen
Number of connections currently open (snapshot), for which
the state is either ESTABLISHED or CLOSE-WAIT
(tcpCurrEstab).
The output for the flag -T provides information about the
failures that were detected in the TCP-layer (formal SNMP-names
between brackets):
inerr/s
Number of received segments per second received in error
(tcpInErrs).
retrans/s
Number of retransmitted segments per second
(tcpRetransSegs).
attfail/s
Number of failed connection attempts per second that have
occurred at this entity (tcpAttemptFails).
estabreset/s
Number of resets per second that have occurred at this
entity (tcpEstabResets).
outreset/s
Number of transmitted segments per second containing the
RST flag (tcpOutRsts).
The output for the flag -h provides information about utilization
of Infiniband ports:
controller
Name of controller.
port Controller port.
busy Busy percentage for this port.
ipack/s
Number of packets received from this port per second.
opack/s
Number of packets transmitted to this port per second.
igbps/s
Effective number of gigabits received per second.
ogbps/s
Effective number of gigabits transmitted per second.
maxgbps/s
Maximum rate as number of gigabits per second.
lanes Number of lanes.
The output for the flag -O provides information about the top-3
of processes with the highest processor consumption:
pid Process-id (if zero, the process has exited while the pid
could not be determined).
command
The name of the process.
cpu% The percentage of cpu-capacity being consumed. This value
can exceed 100% for a multithreaded process running on a
multiprocessor machine.
The output for the flag -G provides information about the top-3
of processes with the highest memory consumption:
pid Process-id (if zero, the process has exited while the pid
could not be determined).
command
The name of the process.
mem% The percentage of resident memory-utilization by this
process.
The output for the flag -D provides information about the top-3
of processes that issue the most read and write accesses to disk:
pid Process-id (if zero, the process has exited while the pid
could not be determined).
command
The name of the process.
dsk% The percentage of read and write accesses related to the
total number of read and write accesses issued on disk by
all processes, so a high percentage does not imply a high
disk load on system level.
The output for the flag -N provides information about the top-3
of processes that issue the most socket transfers for IPv4/IPv6:
pid Process-id (if zero, the process has exited while the pid
could not be determined).
command
The name of the process.
net% The percentage of socket transfers related to the total
number of transfers issued by all processes, so a high
percentage does not imply a high network load on system
level.
