введение в Git (A tutorial introduction to Git)
MAKING CHANGES
Modify some files, then add their updated contents to the index:
$ git add file1 file2 file3
You are now ready to commit. You can see what is about to be
committed using git diff with the --cached option:
$ git diff --cached
(Without --cached, git diff will show you any changes that you've
made but not yet added to the index.) You can also get a brief
summary of the situation with git status:
$ git status
On branch master
Changes to be committed:
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
(use "git restore --staged <file>..." to unstage)
modified: file1
modified: file2
modified: file3
If you need to make any further adjustments, do so now, and then
add any newly modified content to the index. Finally, commit your
changes with:
$ git commit
This will again prompt you for a message describing the change,
and then record a new version of the project.
Alternatively, instead of running git add beforehand, you can use
$ git commit -a
which will automatically notice any modified (but not new) files,
add them to the index, and commit, all in one step.
A note on commit messages: Though not required, it's a good idea
to begin the commit message with a single short (less than 50
character) line summarizing the change, followed by a blank line
and then a more thorough description. The text up to the first
blank line in a commit message is treated as the commit title,
and that title is used throughout Git. For example,
git-format-patch(1) turns a commit into email, and it uses the
title on the Subject line and the rest of the commit in the body.
