-A This is equivalent to specifying -bBdFHSvwWy -I SUM -m ALL
-n ALL -q ALL -r ALL -u ALL. This option also implies
specifying -I ALL -P ALL unless these options are
explicitly set on the command line.
-B Report paging statistics. The following values are
displayed:
pgpgin/s
Total number of kilobytes the system paged in from
disk per second.
pgpgout/s
Total number of kilobytes the system paged out to
disk per second.
fault/s
Number of page faults (major + minor) made by the
system per second. This is not a count of page
faults that generate I/O, because some page faults
can be resolved without I/O.
majflt/s
Number of major faults the system has made per
second, those which have required loading a memory
page from disk.
pgfree/s
Number of pages placed on the free list by the
system per second.
pgscank/s
Number of pages scanned by the kswapd daemon per
second.
pgscand/s
Number of pages scanned directly per second.
pgsteal/s
Number of pages the system has reclaimed from cache
(pagecache and swapcache) per second to satisfy its
memory demands.
%vmeff Calculated as pgsteal / pgscan, this is a metric of
the efficiency of page reclaim. If it is near 100%
then almost every page coming off the tail of the
inactive list is being reaped. If it gets too low
(e.g. less than 30%) then the virtual memory is
having some difficulty. This field is displayed as
zero if no pages have been scanned during the
interval of time.
-b Report I/O and transfer rate statistics. The following
values are displayed:
tps Total number of transfers per second that were
issued to physical devices. A transfer is an I/O
request to a physical device. Multiple logical
requests can be combined into a single I/O request
to the device. A transfer is of indeterminate
size.
rtps Total number of read requests per second issued to
physical devices.
wtps Total number of write requests per second issued to
physical devices.
dtps Total number of discard requests per second issued
to physical devices.
bread/s
Total amount of data read from the devices in
blocks per second. Blocks are equivalent to
sectors and therefore have a size of 512 bytes.
bwrtn/s
Total amount of data written to devices in blocks
per second.
bdscd/s
Total amount of data discarded for devices in
blocks per second.
-C When reading data from a file, tell sar to display
comments that have been inserted by sadc.
-D Use saYYYYMMDD instead of saDD as the standard system
activity daily data file name. This option works only when
used in conjunction with option -o to save data to file.
-d Report activity for each block device. When data are
displayed, the device name is displayed as it (should)
appear in /dev. sar uses data in /sys to determine the
device name based on its major and minor numbers. If this
name resolution fails, sar will use name mapping
controlled by /etc/sysconfig/sysstat.ioconf file.
Persistent device names can also be printed if option -j
is used (see below). Statistics for all devices are
displayed unless a restricted list is specified using
option --dev= (see corresponding option entry). Note that
disk activity depends on sadc's options -S DISK and -S
XDISK to be collected. The following values are displayed:
tps Total number of transfers per second that were
issued to physical devices. A transfer is an I/O
request to a physical device. Multiple logical
requests can be combined into a single I/O request
to the device. A transfer is of indeterminate
size.
rkB/s Number of kilobytes read from the device per
second.
wkB/s Number of kilobytes written to the device per
second.
dkB/s Number of kilobytes discarded for the device per
second.
areq-sz
The average size (in kilobytes) of the I/O requests
that were issued to the device.
Note: In previous versions, this field was known as
avgrq-sz and was expressed in sectors.
aqu-sz The average queue length of the requests that were
issued to the device.
Note: In previous versions, this field was known as
avgqu-sz.
await The average time (in milliseconds) for I/O requests
issued to the device to be served. This includes
the time spent by the requests in queue and the
time spent servicing them.
%util Percentage of elapsed time during which I/O
requests were issued to the device (bandwidth
utilization for the device). Device saturation
occurs when this value is close to 100% for devices
serving requests serially. But for devices serving
requests in parallel, such as RAID arrays and
modern SSDs, this number does not reflect their
performance limits.
--dec={ 0 | 1 | 2 }
Specify the number of decimal places to use (0 to 2,
default value is 2).
--dev=dev_list
Specify the block devices for which statistics are to be
displayed by sar. dev_list is a list of comma-separated
device names.
-e [ hh:mm[:ss] ]
Set the ending time of the report. The default ending time
is 18:00:00. Hours must be given in 24-hour format. This
option can be used when data are read from or written to a
file (options -f or -o).
-F [ MOUNT ]
Display statistics for currently mounted filesystems.
Pseudo-filesystems are ignored. At the end of the report,
sar will display a summary of all those filesystems. Use
of the MOUNT parameter keyword indicates that mountpoint
will be reported instead of filesystem device. Statistics
for all filesystems are displayed unless a restricted list
is specified using option --fs= (see corresponding option
entry). Note that filesystems statistics depend on sadc's
option -S XDISK to be collected.
The following values are displayed:
MBfsfree
Total amount of free space in megabytes (including
space available only to privileged user).
MBfsused
Total amount of space used in megabytes.
%fsused
Percentage of filesystem space used, as seen by a
privileged user.
%ufsused
Percentage of filesystem space used, as seen by an
unprivileged user.
Ifree Total number of free file nodes in filesystem.
Iused Total number of file nodes used in filesystem.
%Iused Percentage of file nodes used in filesystem.
-f [ filename ]
Extract records from filename (created by the -o filename
flag). The default value of the filename parameter is the
current standard system activity daily data file. If
filename is a directory instead of a plain file then it is
considered as the directory where the standard system
activity daily data files are located. Option -f is
exclusive of option -o.
--fs=fs_list
Specify the filesystems for which statistics are to be
displayed by sar. fs_list is a list of comma-separated
filesystem names or mountpoints.
-H Report hugepages utilization statistics. The following
values are displayed:
kbhugfree
Amount of hugepages memory in kilobytes that is not
yet allocated.
kbhugused
Amount of hugepages memory in kilobytes that has
been allocated.
%hugused
Percentage of total hugepages memory that has been
allocated.
kbhugrsvd
Amount of reserved hugepages memory in kilobytes.
kbhugsurp
Amount of surplus hugepages memory in kilobytes.
-h This option is equivalent to specifying --pretty --human.
--help Display a short help message then exit.
--human
Print sizes in human readable format (e.g. 1.0k, 1.2M,
etc.) The units displayed with this option supersede any
other default units (e.g. kilobytes, sectors...)
associated with the metrics.
-I { int_list | SUM | ALL }
Report statistics for interrupts. int_list is a list of
comma-separated values or range of values (e.g.,
0-16,35,400-). The SUM keyword indicates that the total
number of interrupts received per second is to be
displayed. The ALL keyword indicates that statistics from
all interrupts, including potential APIC interrupt
sources, are to be reported. Note that interrupt
statistics depend on sadc's option -S INT to be collected.
-i interval
Select data records at seconds as close as possible to the
number specified by the interval parameter.
--iface=iface_list
Specify the network interfaces for which statistics are to
be displayed by sar. iface_list is a list of comma-
separated interface names.
-j { SID | ID | LABEL | PATH | UUID | ... }
Display persistent device names. Use this option in
conjunction with option -d. Keywords ID, LABEL, etc.
specify the type of the persistent name. These keywords
are not limited, only prerequisite is that directory with
required persistent names is present in /dev/disk.
Keyword SID tries to get a stable identifier to use as the
device name. A stable identifier won't change across
reboots for the same physical device. If it exists, this
identifier is normally the WWN (World Wide Name) of the
device, as read from the /dev/disk/by-id directory.
-m { keyword[,...] | ALL }
Report power management statistics. Note that these
statistics depend on sadc's option -S POWER to be
collected.
Possible keywords are CPU, FAN, FREQ, IN, TEMP and USB.
With the CPU keyword, statistics about CPU are reported.
The following value is displayed:
MHz Instantaneous CPU clock frequency in MHz.
With the FAN keyword, statistics about fans speed are
reported. The following values are displayed:
rpm Fan speed expressed in revolutions per minute.
drpm This field is calculated as the difference between
current fan speed (rpm) and its low limit
(fan_min).
DEVICE Sensor device name.
With the FREQ keyword, statistics about CPU clock
frequency are reported. The following value is displayed:
wghMHz Weighted average CPU clock frequency in MHz. Note
that the cpufreq-stats driver must be compiled in
the kernel for this option to work.
With the IN keyword, statistics about voltage inputs are
reported. The following values are displayed:
inV Voltage input expressed in Volts.
%in Relative input value. A value of 100% means that
voltage input has reached its high limit (in_max)
whereas a value of 0% means that it has reached its
low limit (in_min).
DEVICE Sensor device name.
With the TEMP keyword, statistics about devices
temperature are reported. The following values are
displayed:
degC Device temperature expressed in degrees Celsius.
%temp Relative device temperature. A value of 100% means
that temperature has reached its high limit
(temp_max).
DEVICE Sensor device name.
With the USB keyword, the sar command takes a snapshot of
all the USB devices currently plugged into the system. At
the end of the report, sar will display a summary of all
those USB devices. The following values are displayed:
BUS Root hub number of the USB device.
idvendor
Vendor ID number (assigned by USB organization).
idprod Product ID number (assigned by Manufacturer).
maxpower
Maximum power consumption of the device (expressed
in mA).
manufact
Manufacturer name.
product
Product name.
The ALL keyword is equivalent to specifying all the
keywords above and therefore all the power management
statistics are reported.
-n { keyword[,...] | ALL }
Report network statistics.
Possible keywords are DEV, EDEV, FC, ICMP, EICMP, ICMP6,
EICMP6, IP, EIP, IP6, EIP6, NFS, NFSD, SOCK, SOCK6, SOFT,
TCP, ETCP, UDP and UDP6.
With the DEV keyword, statistics from the network devices
are reported. Statistics for all network interfaces are
displayed unless a restricted list is specified using
option --iface= (see corresponding option entry). The
following values are displayed:
IFACE Name of the network interface for which statistics
are reported.
rxpck/s
Total number of packets received per second.
txpck/s
Total number of packets transmitted per second.
rxkB/s Total number of kilobytes received per second.
txkB/s Total number of kilobytes transmitted per second.
rxcmp/s
Number of compressed packets received per second
(for cslip etc.).
txcmp/s
Number of compressed packets transmitted per
second.
rxmcst/s
Number of multicast packets received per second.
%ifutil
Utilization percentage of the network interface.
For half-duplex interfaces, utilization is
calculated using the sum of rxkB/s and txkB/s as a
percentage of the interface speed. For full-duplex,
this is the greater of rxkB/S or txkB/s.
With the EDEV keyword, statistics on failures (errors)
from the network devices are reported. Statistics for all
network interfaces are displayed unless a restricted list
is specified using option --iface= (see corresponding
option entry). The following values are displayed:
IFACE Name of the network interface for which statistics
are reported.
rxerr/s
Total number of bad packets received per second.
txerr/s
Total number of errors that happened per second
while transmitting packets.
coll/s Number of collisions that happened per second while
transmitting packets.
rxdrop/s
Number of received packets dropped per second
because of a lack of space in linux buffers.
txdrop/s
Number of transmitted packets dropped per second
because of a lack of space in linux buffers.
txcarr/s
Number of carrier-errors that happened per second
while transmitting packets.
rxfram/s
Number of frame alignment errors that happened per
second on received packets.
rxfifo/s
Number of FIFO overrun errors that happened per
second on received packets.
txfifo/s
Number of FIFO overrun errors that happened per
second on transmitted packets.
With the FC keyword, statistics about fibre channel
traffic are reported. Note that fibre channel statistics
depend on sadc's option -S DISK to be collected. The
following values are displayed:
FCHOST Name of the fibre channel host bus adapter (HBA)
interface for which statistics are reported.
fch_rxf/s
The total number of frames received per second.
fch_txf/s
The total number of frames transmitted per second.
fch_rxw/s
The total number of transmission words received per
second.
fch_txw/s
The total number of transmission words transmitted
per second.
With the ICMP keyword, statistics about ICMPv4 network
traffic are reported. Note that ICMPv4 statistics depend
on sadc's option -S SNMP to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
imsg/s The total number of ICMP messages which the entity
received per second [icmpInMsgs]. Note that this
counter includes all those counted by ierr/s.
omsg/s The total number of ICMP messages which this entity
attempted to send per second [icmpOutMsgs]. Note
that this counter includes all those counted by
oerr/s.
iech/s The number of ICMP Echo (request) messages received
per second [icmpInEchos].
iechr/s
The number of ICMP Echo Reply messages received per
second [icmpInEchoReps].
oech/s The number of ICMP Echo (request) messages sent per
second [icmpOutEchos].
oechr/s
The number of ICMP Echo Reply messages sent per
second [icmpOutEchoReps].
itm/s The number of ICMP Timestamp (request) messages
received per second [icmpInTimestamps].
itmr/s The number of ICMP Timestamp Reply messages
received per second [icmpInTimestampReps].
otm/s The number of ICMP Timestamp (request) messages
sent per second [icmpOutTimestamps].
otmr/s The number of ICMP Timestamp Reply messages sent
per second [icmpOutTimestampReps].
iadrmk/s
The number of ICMP Address Mask Request messages
received per second [icmpInAddrMasks].
iadrmkr/s
The number of ICMP Address Mask Reply messages
received per second [icmpInAddrMaskReps].
oadrmk/s
The number of ICMP Address Mask Request messages
sent per second [icmpOutAddrMasks].
oadrmkr/s
The number of ICMP Address Mask Reply messages sent
per second [icmpOutAddrMaskReps].
With the EICMP keyword, statistics about ICMPv4 error
messages are reported. Note that ICMPv4 statistics depend
on sadc's option -S SNMP to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
ierr/s The number of ICMP messages per second which the
entity received but determined as having ICMP-
specific errors (bad ICMP checksums, bad length,
etc.) [icmpInErrors].
oerr/s The number of ICMP messages per second which this
entity did not send due to problems discovered
within ICMP such as a lack of buffers
[icmpOutErrors].
idstunr/s
The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages
received per second [icmpInDestUnreachs].
odstunr/s
The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages
sent per second [icmpOutDestUnreachs].
itmex/s
The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages received
per second [icmpInTimeExcds].
otmex/s
The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages sent per
second [icmpOutTimeExcds].
iparmpb/s
The number of ICMP Parameter Problem messages
received per second [icmpInParmProbs].
oparmpb/s
The number of ICMP Parameter Problem messages sent
per second [icmpOutParmProbs].
isrcq/s
The number of ICMP Source Quench messages received
per second [icmpInSrcQuenchs].
osrcq/s
The number of ICMP Source Quench messages sent per
second [icmpOutSrcQuenchs].
iredir/s
The number of ICMP Redirect messages received per
second [icmpInRedirects].
oredir/s
The number of ICMP Redirect messages sent per
second [icmpOutRedirects].
With the ICMP6 keyword, statistics about ICMPv6 network
traffic are reported. Note that ICMPv6 statistics depend
on sadc's option -S IPV6 to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
imsg6/s
The total number of ICMP messages received by the
interface per second which includes all those
counted by ierr6/s [ipv6IfIcmpInMsgs].
omsg6/s
The total number of ICMP messages which this
interface attempted to send per second
[ipv6IfIcmpOutMsgs].
iech6/s
The number of ICMP Echo (request) messages received
by the interface per second [ipv6IfIcmpInEchos].
iechr6/s
The number of ICMP Echo Reply messages received by
the interface per second [ipv6IfIcmpInEchoReplies].
oechr6/s
The number of ICMP Echo Reply messages sent by the
interface per second [ipv6IfIcmpOutEchoReplies].
igmbq6/s
The number of ICMPv6 Group Membership Query
messages received by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInGroupMembQueries].
igmbr6/s
The number of ICMPv6 Group Membership Response
messages received by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInGroupMembResponses].
ogmbr6/s
The number of ICMPv6 Group Membership Response
messages sent per second
[ipv6IfIcmpOutGroupMembResponses].
igmbrd6/s
The number of ICMPv6 Group Membership Reduction
messages received by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInGroupMembReductions].
ogmbrd6/s
The number of ICMPv6 Group Membership Reduction
messages sent per second
[ipv6IfIcmpOutGroupMembReductions].
irtsol6/s
The number of ICMP Router Solicit messages received
by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInRouterSolicits].
ortsol6/s
The number of ICMP Router Solicitation messages
sent by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpOutRouterSolicits].
irtad6/s
The number of ICMP Router Advertisement messages
received by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInRouterAdvertisements].
inbsol6/s
The number of ICMP Neighbor Solicit messages
received by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInNeighborSolicits].
onbsol6/s
The number of ICMP Neighbor Solicitation messages
sent by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpOutNeighborSolicits].
inbad6/s
The number of ICMP Neighbor Advertisement messages
received by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInNeighborAdvertisements].
onbad6/s
The number of ICMP Neighbor Advertisement messages
sent by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpOutNeighborAdvertisements].
With the EICMP6 keyword, statistics about ICMPv6 error
messages are reported. Note that ICMPv6 statistics depend
on sadc's option -S IPV6 to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
ierr6/s
The number of ICMP messages per second which the
interface received but determined as having ICMP-
specific errors (bad ICMP checksums, bad length,
etc.) [ipv6IfIcmpInErrors]
idtunr6/s
The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages
received by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInDestUnreachs].
odtunr6/s
The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages
sent by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpOutDestUnreachs].
itmex6/s
The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages received
by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInTimeExcds].
otmex6/s
The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages sent by
the interface per second [ipv6IfIcmpOutTimeExcds].
iprmpb6/s
The number of ICMP Parameter Problem messages
received by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInParmProblems].
oprmpb6/s
The number of ICMP Parameter Problem messages sent
by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpOutParmProblems].
iredir6/s
The number of Redirect messages received by the
interface per second [ipv6IfIcmpInRedirects].
oredir6/s
The number of Redirect messages sent by the
interface by second [ipv6IfIcmpOutRedirects].
ipck2b6/s
The number of ICMP Packet Too Big messages received
by the interface per second
[ipv6IfIcmpInPktTooBigs].
opck2b6/s
The number of ICMP Packet Too Big messages sent by
the interface per second [ipv6IfIcmpOutPktTooBigs].
With the IP keyword, statistics about IPv4 network traffic
are reported. Note that IPv4 statistics depend on sadc's
option -S SNMP to be collected. The following values are
displayed (formal SNMP names between square brackets):
irec/s The total number of input datagrams received from
interfaces per second, including those received in
error [ipInReceives].
fwddgm/s
The number of input datagrams per second, for which
this entity was not their final IP destination, as
a result of which an attempt was made to find a
route to forward them to that final destination
[ipForwDatagrams].
idel/s The total number of input datagrams successfully
delivered per second to IP user-protocols
(including ICMP) [ipInDelivers].
orq/s The total number of IP datagrams which local IP
user-protocols (including ICMP) supplied per second
to IP in requests for transmission [ipOutRequests].
Note that this counter does not include any
datagrams counted in fwddgm/s.
asmrq/s
The number of IP fragments received per second
which needed to be reassembled at this entity
[ipReasmReqds].
asmok/s
The number of IP datagrams successfully re-
assembled per second [ipReasmOKs].
fragok/s
The number of IP datagrams that have been
successfully fragmented at this entity per second
[ipFragOKs].
fragcrt/s
The number of IP datagram fragments that have been
generated per second as a result of fragmentation
at this entity [ipFragCreates].
With the EIP keyword, statistics about IPv4 network errors
are reported. Note that IPv4 statistics depend on sadc's
option -S SNMP to be collected. The following values are
displayed (formal SNMP names between square brackets):
ihdrerr/s
The number of input datagrams discarded per second
due to errors in their IP headers, including bad
checksums, version number mismatch, other format
errors, time-to-live exceeded, errors discovered in
processing their IP options, etc. [ipInHdrErrors]
iadrerr/s
The number of input datagrams discarded per second
because the IP address in their IP header's
destination field was not a valid address to be
received at this entity. This count includes
invalid addresses (e.g., 0.0.0.0) and addresses of
unsupported Classes (e.g., Class E). For entities
which are not IP routers and therefore do not
forward datagrams, this counter includes datagrams
discarded because the destination address was not a
local address [ipInAddrErrors].
iukwnpr/s
The number of locally-addressed datagrams received
successfully but discarded per second because of an
unknown or unsupported protocol
[ipInUnknownProtos].
idisc/s
The number of input IP datagrams per second for
which no problems were encountered to prevent their
continued processing, but which were discarded
(e.g., for lack of buffer space) [ipInDiscards].
Note that this counter does not include any
datagrams discarded while awaiting re-assembly.
odisc/s
The number of output IP datagrams per second for
which no problem was encountered to prevent their
transmission to their destination, but which were
discarded (e.g., for lack of buffer space)
[ipOutDiscards]. Note that this counter would
include datagrams counted in fwddgm/s if any such
packets met this (discretionary) discard criterion.
onort/s
The number of IP datagrams discarded per second
because no route could be found to transmit them to
their destination [ipOutNoRoutes]. Note that this
counter includes any packets counted in fwddgm/s
which meet this 'no-route' criterion. Note that
this includes any datagrams which a host cannot
route because all of its default routers are down.
asmf/s The number of failures detected per second by the
IP re-assembly algorithm (for whatever reason:
timed out, errors, etc) [ipReasmFails]. Note that
this is not necessarily a count of discarded IP
fragments since some algorithms can lose track of
the number of fragments by combining them as they
are received.
fragf/s
The number of IP datagrams that have been discarded
per second because they needed to be fragmented at
this entity but could not be, e.g., because their
Don't Fragment flag was set [ipFragFails].
With the IP6 keyword, statistics about IPv6 network
traffic are reported. Note that IPv6 statistics depend on
sadc's option -S IPV6 to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
irec6/s
The total number of input datagrams received from
interfaces per second, including those received in
error [ipv6IfStatsInReceives].
fwddgm6/s
The number of output datagrams per second which
this entity received and forwarded to their final
destinations [ipv6IfStatsOutForwDatagrams].
idel6/s
The total number of datagrams successfully
delivered per second to IPv6 user-protocols
(including ICMP) [ipv6IfStatsInDelivers].
orq6/s The total number of IPv6 datagrams which local IPv6
user-protocols (including ICMP) supplied per second
to IPv6 in requests for transmission
[ipv6IfStatsOutRequests]. Note that this counter
does not include any datagrams counted in
fwddgm6/s.
asmrq6/s
The number of IPv6 fragments received per second
which needed to be reassembled at this interface
[ipv6IfStatsReasmReqds].
asmok6/s
The number of IPv6 datagrams successfully
reassembled per second [ipv6IfStatsReasmOKs].
imcpck6/s
The number of multicast packets received per second
by the interface [ipv6IfStatsInMcastPkts].
omcpck6/s
The number of multicast packets transmitted per
second by the interface [ipv6IfStatsOutMcastPkts].
fragok6/s
The number of IPv6 datagrams that have been
successfully fragmented at this output interface
per second [ipv6IfStatsOutFragOKs].
fragcr6/s
The number of output datagram fragments that have
been generated per second as a result of
fragmentation at this output interface
[ipv6IfStatsOutFragCreates].
With the EIP6 keyword, statistics about IPv6 network
errors are reported. Note that IPv6 statistics depend on
sadc's option -S IPV6 to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
ihdrer6/s
The number of input datagrams discarded per second
due to errors in their IPv6 headers, including
version number mismatch, other format errors, hop
count exceeded, errors discovered in processing
their IPv6 options, etc. [ipv6IfStatsInHdrErrors]
iadrer6/s
The number of input datagrams discarded per second
because the IPv6 address in their IPv6 header's
destination field was not a valid address to be
received at this entity. This count includes
invalid addresses (e.g., ::0) and unsupported
addresses (e.g., addresses with unallocated
prefixes). For entities which are not IPv6 routers
and therefore do not forward datagrams, this
counter includes datagrams discarded because the
destination address was not a local address
[ipv6IfStatsInAddrErrors].
iukwnp6/s
The number of locally-addressed datagrams received
successfully but discarded per second because of an
unknown or unsupported protocol
[ipv6IfStatsInUnknownProtos].
i2big6/s
The number of input datagrams that could not be
forwarded per second because their size exceeded
the link MTU of outgoing interface
[ipv6IfStatsInTooBigErrors].
idisc6/s
The number of input IPv6 datagrams per second for
which no problems were encountered to prevent their
continued processing, but which were discarded
(e.g., for lack of buffer space)
[ipv6IfStatsInDiscards]. Note that this counter
does not include any datagrams discarded while
awaiting re-assembly.
odisc6/s
The number of output IPv6 datagrams per second for
which no problem was encountered to prevent their
transmission to their destination, but which were
discarded (e.g., for lack of buffer space)
[ipv6IfStatsOutDiscards]. Note that this counter
would include datagrams counted in fwddgm6/s if any
such packets met this (discretionary) discard
criterion.
inort6/s
The number of input datagrams discarded per second
because no route could be found to transmit them to
their destination [ipv6IfStatsInNoRoutes].
onort6/s
The number of locally generated IP datagrams
discarded per second because no route could be
found to transmit them to their destination
[unknown formal SNMP name].
asmf6/s
The number of failures detected per second by the
IPv6 re-assembly algorithm (for whatever reason:
timed out, errors, etc.) [ipv6IfStatsReasmFails].
Note that this is not necessarily a count of
discarded IPv6 fragments since some algorithms can
lose track of the number of fragments by combining
them as they are received.
fragf6/s
The number of IPv6 datagrams that have been
discarded per second because they needed to be
fragmented at this output interface but could not
be [ipv6IfStatsOutFragFails].
itrpck6/s
The number of input datagrams discarded per second
because datagram frame didn't carry enough data
[ipv6IfStatsInTruncatedPkts].
With the NFS keyword, statistics about NFS client activity
are reported. The following values are displayed:
call/s Number of RPC requests made per second.
retrans/s
Number of RPC requests per second, those which
needed to be retransmitted (for example because of
a server timeout).
read/s Number of 'read' RPC calls made per second.
write/s
Number of 'write' RPC calls made per second.
access/s
Number of 'access' RPC calls made per second.
getatt/s
Number of 'getattr' RPC calls made per second.
With the NFSD keyword, statistics about NFS server
activity are reported. The following values are
displayed:
scall/s
Number of RPC requests received per second.
badcall/s
Number of bad RPC requests received per second,
those whose processing generated an error.
packet/s
Number of network packets received per second.
udp/s Number of UDP packets received per second.
tcp/s Number of TCP packets received per second.
hit/s Number of reply cache hits per second.
miss/s Number of reply cache misses per second.
sread/s
Number of 'read' RPC calls received per second.
swrite/s
Number of 'write' RPC calls received per second.
saccess/s
Number of 'access' RPC calls received per second.
sgetatt/s
Number of 'getattr' RPC calls received per second.
With the SOCK keyword, statistics on sockets in use are
reported (IPv4). The following values are displayed:
totsck Total number of sockets used by the system.
tcpsck Number of TCP sockets currently in use.
udpsck Number of UDP sockets currently in use.
rawsck Number of RAW sockets currently in use.
ip-frag
Number of IP fragments currently in queue.
tcp-tw Number of TCP sockets in TIME_WAIT state.
With the SOCK6 keyword, statistics on sockets in use are
reported (IPv6). Note that IPv6 statistics depend on
sadc's option -S IPV6 to be collected. The following
values are displayed:
tcp6sck
Number of TCPv6 sockets currently in use.
udp6sck
Number of UDPv6 sockets currently in use.
raw6sck
Number of RAWv6 sockets currently in use.
ip6-frag
Number of IPv6 fragments currently in use.
With the SOFT keyword, statistics about software-based
network processing are reported. The following values are
displayed:
total/s
The total number of network frames processed per
second.
dropd/s
The total number of network frames dropped per
second because there was no room on the processing
queue.
squeezd/s
The number of times the softirq handler function
terminated per second because its budget was
consumed or the time limit was reached, but more
work could have been done.
rx_rps/s
The number of times the CPU has been woken up per
second to process packets via an inter-processor
interrupt.
flw_lim/s
The number of times the flow limit has been reached
per second. Flow limiting is an optional RPS
feature that can be used to limit the number of
packets queued to the backlog for each flow to a
certain amount. This can help ensure that smaller
flows are processed even though much larger flows
are pushing packets in.
With the TCP keyword, statistics about TCPv4 network
traffic are reported. Note that TCPv4 statistics depend
on sadc's option -S SNMP to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
active/s
The number of times TCP connections have made a
direct transition to the SYN-SENT state from the
CLOSED state per second [tcpActiveOpens].
passive/s
The number of times TCP connections have made a
direct transition to the SYN-RCVD state from the
LISTEN state per second [tcpPassiveOpens].
iseg/s The total number of segments received per second,
including those received in error [tcpInSegs].
This count includes segments received on currently
established connections.
oseg/s The total number of segments sent per second,
including those on current connections but
excluding those containing only retransmitted
octets [tcpOutSegs].
With the ETCP keyword, statistics about TCPv4 network
errors are reported. Note that TCPv4 statistics depend on
sadc's option -S SNMP to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
atmptf/s
The number of times per second TCP connections have
made a direct transition to the CLOSED state from
either the SYN-SENT state or the SYN-RCVD state,
plus the number of times per second TCP connections
have made a direct transition to the LISTEN state
from the SYN-RCVD state [tcpAttemptFails].
estres/s
The number of times per second TCP connections have
made a direct transition to the CLOSED state from
either the ESTABLISHED state or the CLOSE-WAIT
state [tcpEstabResets].
retrans/s
The total number of segments retransmitted per
second - that is, the number of TCP segments
transmitted containing one or more previously
transmitted octets [tcpRetransSegs].
isegerr/s
The total number of segments received in error
(e.g., bad TCP checksums) per second [tcpInErrs].
orsts/s
The number of TCP segments sent per second
containing the RST flag [tcpOutRsts].
With the UDP keyword, statistics about UDPv4 network
traffic are reported. Note that UDPv4 statistics depend
on sadc's option -S SNMP to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
idgm/s The total number of UDP datagrams delivered per
second to UDP users [udpInDatagrams].
odgm/s The total number of UDP datagrams sent per second
from this entity [udpOutDatagrams].
noport/s
The total number of received UDP datagrams per
second for which there was no application at the
destination port [udpNoPorts].
idgmerr/s
The number of received UDP datagrams per second
that could not be delivered for reasons other than
the lack of an application at the destination port
[udpInErrors].
With the UDP6 keyword, statistics about UDPv6 network
traffic are reported. Note that UDPv6 statistics depend
on sadc's option -S IPV6 to be collected. The following
values are displayed (formal SNMP names between square
brackets):
idgm6/s
The total number of UDP datagrams delivered per
second to UDP users [udpInDatagrams].
odgm6/s
The total number of UDP datagrams sent per second
from this entity [udpOutDatagrams].
noport6/s
The total number of received UDP datagrams per
second for which there was no application at the
destination port [udpNoPorts].
idgmer6/s
The number of received UDP datagrams per second
that could not be delivered for reasons other than
the lack of an application at the destination port
[udpInErrors].
The ALL keyword is equivalent to specifying all the
keywords above and therefore all the network activities
are reported.
-o [ filename ]
Save the readings in the file in binary form. Each reading
is in a separate record. The default value of the filename
parameter is the current standard system activity daily
data file. If filename is a directory instead of a plain
file then it is considered as the directory where the
standard system activity daily data files are located.
Option -o is exclusive of option -f. All the data
available from the kernel are saved in the file (in fact,
sar calls its data collector sadc with the option -S ALL.
See sadc(8) manual page).
-P { cpu_list | ALL }
Report per-processor statistics for the specified
processor or processors. cpu_list is a list of comma-
separated values or range of values (e.g., 0,2,4-7,12-).
Note that processor 0 is the first processor, and
processor all is the global average among all processors.
Specifying the ALL keyword reports statistics for each
individual processor, and globally for all processors.
Offline processors are not displayed.
-p, --pretty
Make reports easier to read by a human. This option may
be especially useful when displaying e.g., network
interfaces or block devices statistics.
-q [ keyword[,...] | ALL ]
Report system load and pressure-stall statistics.
Possible keywords are CPU, IO, LOAD, MEM and PSI".
With the CPU keyword, CPU pressure statistics are
reported. The following values are displayed:
%scpu-10
Percentage of the time that at least some runnable
tasks were delayed because the CPU was unavailable
to them, over the last 10 second window.
%scpu-60
Percentage of the time that at least some runnable
tasks were delayed because the CPU was unavailable
to them, over the last 60 second window.
%scpu-300
Percentage of the time that at least some runnable
tasks were delayed because the CPU was unavailable
to them, over the last 300 second window.
%scpu Percentage of the time that at least some runnable
tasks were delayed because the CPU was unavailable
to them, over the last time interval.
With the IO keyword, I/O pressure statistics are reported.
The following values are displayed:
%sio-10
Percentage of the time that at least some tasks
lost waiting for I/O, over the last 10 second
window.
%sio-60
Percentage of the time that at least some tasks
lost waiting for I/O, over the last 60 second
window.
%sio-300
Percentage of the time that at least some tasks
lost waiting for I/O, over the last 300 second
window.
%sio Percentage of the time that at least some tasks
lost waiting for I/O, over the last time interval.
%fio-10
Percentage of the time during which all non-idle
tasks were stalled waiting for I/O, over the last
10 second window.
%fio-60
Percentage of the time during which all non-idle
tasks were stalled waiting for I/O, over the last
60 second window.
%fio-300
Percentage of the time during which all non-idle
tasks were stalled waiting for I/O, over the last
300 second window.
%fio Percentage of the time during which all non-idle
tasks were stalled waiting for I/O, over the last
time interval.
With the LOAD keyword, queue length and load averages
statistics are reported. The following values are
displayed:
runq-sz
Run queue length (number of tasks running or
waiting for run time).
plist-sz
Number of tasks in the task list.
ldavg-1
System load average for the last minute. The load
average is calculated as the average number of
runnable or running tasks (R state), and the number
of tasks in uninterruptible sleep (D state) over
the specified interval.
ldavg-5
System load average for the past 5 minutes.
ldavg-15
System load average for the past 15 minutes.
blocked
Number of tasks currently blocked, waiting for I/O
to complete.
With the MEM keyword, memory pressure statistics are
reported. The following values are displayed:
%smem-10
Percentage of the time during which at least some
tasks were waiting for memory resources, over the
last 10 second window.
%smem-60
Percentage of the time during which at least some
tasks were waiting for memory resources, over the
last 60 second window.
%smem-300
Percentage of the time during which at least some
tasks were waiting for memory resources, over the
last 300 second window.
%smem Percentage of the time during which at least some
tasks were waiting for memory resources, over the
last time interval.
%fmem-10
Percentage of the time during which all non-idle
tasks were stalled waiting for memory resources,
over the last 10 second window.
%fmem-60
Percentage of the time during which all non-idle
tasks were stalled waiting for memory resources,
over the last 60 second window.
%fmem-300
Percentage of the time during which all non-idle
tasks were stalled waiting for memory resources,
over the last 300 second window.
%fmem Percentage of the time during which all non-idle
tasks were stalled waiting for memory resources,
over the last time interval.
The PSI keyword is equivalent to specifying CPU, IO and
MEM keywords together and therefore all the pressure-stall
statistics are reported.
The ALL keyword is equivalent to specifying all the
keywords above and therefore all the statistics are
reported.
-r [ ALL ]
Report memory utilization statistics. The ALL keyword
indicates that all the memory fields should be displayed.
The following values may be displayed:
kbmemfree
Amount of free memory available in kilobytes.
kbavail
Estimate of how much memory in kilobytes is
available for starting new applications, without
swapping. The estimate takes into account that the
system needs some page cache to function well, and
that not all reclaimable slab will be reclaimable,
due to items being in use. The impact of those
factors will vary from system to system.
kbmemused
Amount of used memory in kilobytes (calculated as
total installed memory - kbmemfree - kbbuffers -
kbcached - kbslab).
%memused
Percentage of used memory.
kbbuffers
Amount of memory used as buffers by the kernel in
kilobytes.
kbcached
Amount of memory used to cache data by the kernel
in kilobytes.
kbcommit
Amount of memory in kilobytes needed for current
workload. This is an estimate of how much RAM/swap
is needed to guarantee that there never is out of
memory.
%commit
Percentage of memory needed for current workload in
relation to the total amount of memory (RAM+swap).
This number may be greater than 100% because the
kernel usually overcommits memory.
kbactive
Amount of active memory in kilobytes (memory that
has been used more recently and usually not
reclaimed unless absolutely necessary).
kbinact
Amount of inactive memory in kilobytes (memory
which has been less recently used. It is more
eligible to be reclaimed for other purposes).
kbdirty
Amount of memory in kilobytes waiting to get
written back to the disk.
kbanonpg
Amount of non-file backed pages in kilobytes mapped
into userspace page tables.
kbslab Amount of memory in kilobytes used by the kernel to
cache data structures for its own use.
kbkstack
Amount of memory in kilobytes used for kernel stack
space.
kbpgtbl
Amount of memory in kilobytes dedicated to the
lowest level of page tables.
kbvmused
Amount of memory in kilobytes of used virtual
address space.
-S Report swap space utilization statistics. The following
values are displayed:
kbswpfree
Amount of free swap space in kilobytes.
kbswpused
Amount of used swap space in kilobytes.
%swpused
Percentage of used swap space.
kbswpcad
Amount of cached swap memory in kilobytes. This is
memory that once was swapped out, is swapped back
in but still also is in the swap area (if memory is
needed it doesn't need to be swapped out again
because it is already in the swap area. This saves
I/O).
%swpcad
Percentage of cached swap memory in relation to the
amount of used swap space.
-s [ hh:mm[:ss] ]
Set the starting time of the data, causing the sar command
to extract records time-tagged at, or following, the time
specified. The default starting time is 08:00:00. Hours
must be given in 24-hour format. This option can be used
only when data are read from a file (option -f).
--sadc Indicate which data collector is called by sar. If the
data collector is sought in PATH then enter "which sadc"
to know where it is located.
-t When reading data from a daily data file, indicate that
sar should display the timestamps in the original local
time of the data file creator. Without this option, the
sar command displays the timestamps in the user's locale
time.
-u [ ALL ]
Report CPU utilization. The ALL keyword indicates that all
the CPU fields should be displayed. The report may show
the following fields:
%user Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while
executing at the user level (application). Note
that this field includes time spent running virtual
processors.
%usr Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while
executing at the user level (application). Note
that this field does NOT include time spent running
virtual processors.
%nice Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while
executing at the user level with nice priority.
%system
Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while
executing at the system level (kernel). Note that
this field includes time spent servicing hardware
and software interrupts.
%sys Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while
executing at the system level (kernel). Note that
this field does NOT include time spent servicing
hardware or software interrupts.
%iowait
Percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle
during which the system had an outstanding disk I/O
request.
%steal Percentage of time spent in involuntary wait by the
virtual CPU or CPUs while the hypervisor was
servicing another virtual processor.
%irq Percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to
service hardware interrupts.
%soft Percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to
service software interrupts.
%guest Percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to run
a virtual processor.
%gnice Percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to run
a niced guest.
%idle Percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle
and the system did not have an outstanding disk I/O
request.
-V Print version number then exit.
-v Report status of inode, file and other kernel tables. The
following values are displayed:
dentunusd
Number of unused cache entries in the directory
cache.
file-nr
Number of file handles used by the system.
inode-nr
Number of inode handlers used by the system.
pty-nr Number of pseudo-terminals used by the system.
-W Report swapping statistics. The following values are
displayed:
pswpin/s
Total number of swap pages the system brought in
per second.
pswpout/s
Total number of swap pages the system brought out
per second.
-w Report task creation and system switching activity. The
following values are displayed:
proc/s Total number of tasks created per second.
cswch/s
Total number of context switches per second.
-y Report TTY devices activity. The following values are
displayed:
rcvin/s
Number of receive interrupts per second for current
serial line. Serial line number is given in the
TTY column.
xmtin/s
Number of transmit interrupts per second for
current serial line.
framerr/s
Number of frame errors per second for current
serial line.
prtyerr/s
Number of parity errors per second for current
serial line.
brk/s Number of breaks per second for current serial
line.
ovrun/s
Number of overrun errors per second for current
serial line.
-z Tell sar to omit output for any devices for which there
was no activity during the sample period.
