получить дескриптор для имени пути и открыть файл через дескриптор  (obtain handle for a pathname and open file via a handle)
  
Ошибки (Error)
name_to_handle_at() and open_by_handle_at() can fail for the same
       errors as openat(2).  In addition, they can fail with the errors
       noted below.
       name_to_handle_at() can fail with the following errors:
       EFAULT pathname, mount_id, or handle points outside your
              accessible address space.
       EINVAL flags includes an invalid bit value.
       EINVAL handle->handle_bytes is greater than MAX_HANDLE_SZ.
       ENOENT pathname is an empty string, but AT_EMPTY_PATH was not
              specified in flags.
       ENOTDIR
              The file descriptor supplied in dirfd does not refer to a
              directory, and it is not the case that both flags includes
              AT_EMPTY_PATH and pathname is an empty string.
       EOPNOTSUPP
              The filesystem does not support decoding of a pathname to
              a file handle.
       EOVERFLOW
              The handle->handle_bytes value passed into the call was
              too small.  When this error occurs, handle->handle_bytes
              is updated to indicate the required size for the handle.
       open_by_handle_at() can fail with the following errors:
       EBADF  mount_fd is not an open file descriptor.
       EBADF  pathname is relative but dirfd is neither AT_FDCWD nor a
              valid file descriptor.
       EFAULT handle points outside your accessible address space.
       EINVAL handle->handle_bytes is greater than MAX_HANDLE_SZ or is
              equal to zero.
       ELOOP  handle refers to a symbolic link, but O_PATH was not
              specified in flags.
       EPERM  The caller does not have the CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH
              capability.
       ESTALE The specified handle is not valid.  This error will occur
              if, for example, the file has been deleted.