применить патч к файлам и / или к индексу (Apply a patch to files and/or to the index)
Подмодули (Submodules)
If the patch contains any changes to submodules then git apply
treats these changes as follows.
If --index is specified (explicitly or implicitly), then the
submodule commits must match the index exactly for the patch to
apply. If any of the submodules are checked-out, then these
check-outs are completely ignored, i.e., they are not required to
be up to date or clean and they are not updated.
If --index is not specified, then the submodule commits in the
patch are ignored and only the absence or presence of the
corresponding subdirectory is checked and (if possible) updated.
