This man page describes version 2.1 of the pmview configuration
file format.
The configuration format supports metrics from multiple hosts or
archives. A configuration file can specify metrics without a
source, with different hosts and different archives. However, a
configuration file that contains archives may only have one
archive for any one host. When in ``replay'' mode, any metrics
with host specific sources require an archive to be specified for
that host on the command line or as a source to a previous
metric. The archive must be the same archive (based on a string
comparison of the archive names) of any archives specified in the
configuration file for the same host.
The time controls will list all hosts that are specified on the
command line and the configuration file in the timezone listing
(see pmtime(1)).
The configuration file format is based on a two-dimensional grid
which can contain a variety of bars, stacks, links, pipes, labels
and other grids. The grids resize each column and row to match
the size of the largest item in that column or row. A
configuration file that contains only one object does not require
a grid. The pmview configuration file starts with an
identification header in the first non-comment line:
pmview Version 2.1 [command_line]
The optional command_line should be the command line with which
the tool was launched, if the configuration file has been
generated by another tool. This is useful for applications that
are to be restarted automatically on the next login, after the
user has logged out while pmview was still running. Care should
be taken to ensure that the command specified is either a full
pathname or will be found on the PATH available at login.
All lines which begin with ``#'' are treated as comments and
ignored. Otherwise, all spaces, tabs and newlines are treated as
white space so multiple commands may be on the same line.
The syntax for specifying values in the configuration file is
consistent for all commands, namely:
color
A color must be either a X(1) color name, a X(1) numerical
color, or three normalized real values representing the
saturation of red, green and blue. For example, the
following colors are identical:
red
rgbi:1.0/0.0/0.0
1.0 0.0 0.0
int An integer.
metric
A metric consists of an optional source (host or archive),
the metric name, an optional instance list immediately after
name, followed by the maximum (or normalization value). A
colon (``:'') is used to separate a host name from the
metric, and a forward slash (``/'') to separate an archive
name from the metric. Instances are enclosed in square
brackets and comma separated. Each instance may be enclosed
in quotes.
For example, some legal metrics are:
kernel.all.cpu.idle 4000
myhost:kernel.all.cpu.idle[cpu0,"cpu3"] 1000.0
/path/to/myarchive/kernel.all.cpu.idle[cpu1] 1000
To assist the process of matching instance names, two further
comparisons are made beyond a simple string comparison. If
the instance name contains spaces, only the first word in the
instance name is required to match the instance, assuming
that the first word is unique. If the first word is not
unique, only the first matching instance will be selected.
The second comparison occurs if the first word is a number
with leading zeros. Any leading zeros will be skipped before
comparing the first word again. This permits process ids
used in the proc metrics to be easily matched, without
specifying the entire instance name. For example, to
visualize the user and system time of init use the metric
specification
proc.psusage.utime[1] 1000
proc.psusage.stime[1] 1000
name
A name for an object which may be referred to later in the
configuration file. Names must be a single word consisting
of all alphanumeric characters, as well as underscores,
dashes and colons. It is recommended that names do not begin
with an underscore as this may be interpreted as a keyword.
pos This is the position of the object within the grid. The
syntax of a position is:
[ [x z] [ [width depth] [alignment] ] ]
x
The horizontal coordinate (left to right) of the object,
starting at 0. The default x is 0.
z
The vertical coordinate (top to bottom) of the object,
starting at 0. The default z is 0.
width
The number of columns occupied by the object. The default
width is 1.
depth
The number of rows occupied by the object. The default depth
is 1.
alignment
The edge or corner that the object is aligned with. Possible
alignments include: north, south, east, west, northeast,
northwest, southeast, southwest and center. Abbreviations
like se and SE are also accepted. The default alignment is
center.
The size of an object may not be known as the number of
instances for some metrics will vary between hosts and PMDA
configurations. Therefore, the position of the object can be
used to specify the likely size of the object, so that the
position of the surrounding objects is appropriately
adjusted.
The following are legal positions:
0 5
The object is centered at grid position 0,5 occupying 1 grid
square.
1 2 north
The object is aligned with the north edge of position 1,2
occupying 1 grid square.
2 2 2 1 east
The object is aligned to the eastern edge of position 3,2 and
occupies 2 grid squares (2,2 and 3,2).
string
A string is a series of characters enclosed in double quotes.
A string may not contain newlines or escaped double quotes.
There are several parameters that may affect the size, shape and
color of objects when they are displayed. These parameters are
scoped so that they only alter objects defined later in the same
scope. Therefore, parameter settings at the top of a
configuration file affect the entire scene, unless they are
changed later in the file. Most of these parameters are also
resources.
_barLength int
The side length of the _bar and _stack blocks. Default is
28.
_barHeight int
The maximum height of a _bar and _stack blocks. Default is
80.
_baseColor color
The color of _bar, _grid and _stack base planes. Default is
rgbi:0.15/0.15/0.15.
_baseHeight int
The height of _bar, _grid and _stack base planes. Default is
2.
_gapWidth int
The gap between blocks in a _bar object in the X-axis. The
default is 8.
_gapDepth int
The gap between blocks in a _bar object in the Z-axis. The
default is 8.
_gapLabel int
The gap between the base of a _bar object, and any metric or
instance labels. The default is 6.
_gridWidth int
The minimum width of a _grid column. The default is 20.
_gridDepth int
The minimum depth of a _grid row. The default is 20.
_labelMargin int
The margin around a _label object. The default is 5.
_labelColor color
The color of _label and _bar labels. The default is white.
_marginWidth int
The extra width of a _bar, _grid and _stack base plane beyond
the objects on the plane. The default is 8.
_marginDepth int
The extra depth of a _bar, _grid and _stack base plane beyond
the objects on the plane. The default is 8.
_pipeLength int
Total length of a _pipe. The default is the value of
_barHeight.
_scale real
The scale applied to the entire scene. This parameter may
not be used within any objects, only at the top of the
configuration file. The default is 1.0.
To simplify the specification of colors, a _colorList and a
_colorScale may be used to define colors for an object which has
metrics associated with it, i.e. _bar, _stack or _pipe. A color
list may be defined within an object, or named and defined at the
top of a configuration file. A named color list may then be
referenced within multiple objects:
_colorList name ( color [color...] )
Associate the colors with the color list name. The
assignment of colors to blocks depends on the type of an
object. For example, the color list called foo has the same
color three times:
_colorList foo ( red rgbi:1.0/0.0/0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 )
_colorScale name color ( color real [color real...] )
Associate the colors and reals with the color list name. The
initial color is the default color of the object. The object
will change color to the other colors when the normalized
value of the object is equal to or greater than each real.
Therefore, each real must be larger than the previous real,
and should be in the range 0.0 to 1.0. This scale gradually
changes from blue to red:
_colorScale coldToHot blue ( rgbi:0.5/0.0/1.0 0.3
purple 0.6
rgbi:1.0/0.0/0.5 0.8
red 0.95)
There are several different object types which could be found in
a pmview scene: _bar, _stack, _pipe, _grid, _link, and _label.
There is also _xing which is a special type of the _link. The
_bar, _stack and _pipe objects are modulated by metric values, a
_label is fixed text, _link and _xing are interconnects and a
_grid is a container of objects, including other _grid objects,
which controls the layout of the scene. A _grid object is only
required if there are two or more objects in the scene.
_bar, _grid and _stack objects may have base planes which provide
a point of reference for the blocks as they change height. A
label can be applied to the base plane _grid object if it is
_shown with:
_baseLabel name|string
_baseLabel should be used within the scope of the relevant _bar,
_grid or _stack object. The first ``\n'' characters in the
string will be replaced by a new line. Subsequent ``\n''
characters will be ignored.
For a scene to be valid it must contain at least one modulated
object.
The objects are defined as:
_bar [options] ( [metric-list] [color-list] [label-list] )
A _bar object represents a collection of blocks. The number
of blocks depends on the number of metrics and metric
instances assigned to the object. By default, the blocks are
modulated by changing the height of each block.
Alternatively, blocks may be modulated by changing color, or
both height and color. Each color in the color-list is
assigned to each metric. Therefore, multiple instances of
the one metric will have the same color. The options that
may be passed to a _bar object are:
pos The position of the _bar object within the current _grid
object.
_col|_row
Position the blocks so that each instance is in a column
(_col) or a row (_row). This implies that each different
metric is in a separate row or column, respectively. The
default is _col.
_show|_hide
Is the base plane visible? Default is _show.
_ymod|_colormod|_colorymod
Modulate the blocks by adjusting their height (_ymod),
color (_colormod) or both height and color (_colorymod).
_cube|_cylinder
Set the shape of the blocks. The default is _cube.
_groupbymetric|_groupbyinst|_groupbyrow||groupbycol
Set the grouping of blocks when launching other tools.
For tools like pmchart(1) some views may generate many
small charts which cannot be drawn entirely within the
screen. Another problem is it may be more appropriate to
generate charts with the same instance in each chart,
rather then the same metric. The group specifiers
control the algorithm used so that a separate chart will
be drawn for each _metrics specification
(_groupbymetric), for the first, second etc. instance of
each _metric (_groupbyinst), or by the rows and columns
of the _bar object depending on _row or _col. The
default is _groupbymetric.
The options must be specified in this order, although
preceding options are not required. Therefore, this is
legal:
_bar _hide _cylinder ( ... )
The metrics, colors and labels are specified within the
brackets in any order. Only the metric-list is mandatory.
metric-list
A _bar metric list contains a list of metric names,
normalization values and an optional label for the
metric:
_metrics ( metric real [string] [metric real [string]...] )
color-list
A _bar color list may be a named color list that was
defined earlier, or an unnamed color list. A _colorScale
list should be used when using _colormod or _colorymod
modulation. Therefore, the syntax for color lists within
a _bar object are any of:
_colorList name
_colorList ( color [color...] )
_colorScale name
_colorScale color ( color real [color real...] )
label-list
In addition to labels for each metric in the metric-list,
metric and instance labels may be defined using
_metriclabels and _instlabels statements. The position
of the labels around the _bar object depends on the _row
or _col orientation of metrics and instances, and whether
the label is read _towards the _bar object, or _away.
The default is _towards.
_metriclabels [_away|_towards] ( name|string [name|string...] )
_instlabels [_away|_towards] ( name|string
[name|string...] )
_grid [pos] [_show|_hide] ( objects )
A _grid object is a container for objects, including other
_grid objects. The rows and columns of a _grid object are
resized to the largest object in the row or column. If an
object spans multiple rows and/or columns, those rows and
columns may be partly resized to contain the object.
However, the resizing of rows and columns for objects
occupying multiple rows and columns occurs after resizing for
objects occupying only one grid square.
A collision between objects occupying the same squares will
be reported as an error message and the later object will be
ignored.
The options to a _grid object control the position (pos) of
the _grid object in the parent _grid, and indicate whether to
_show or _hide the _grid base plane. By default, the base
plane is hidden.
The parameters described above may be specified within the
brackets of a _grid object, however they only apply to the
objects within the _grid, not the _grid itself. For a
parameter to be applied to a _grid object, it must be
specified before the _grid object declaration.
_label [options] string
A _label object draws the contexts of string at the location,
orientation and size specified in the options:
pos The position of the _label object in the current _grid
object.
_left|_right|_up|_down
The orientation of the string. The direction indicates
the direction the label is read. Therefore, _right is
the default since the string is read from left to right.
_small|_medium|_large
The font size. The default is _medium.
_link pos [string]
A _link object draws a straight or L-shaped horizontal round
``pipe'' with diameter equal to 80% of the _baseHeight of an
enclosing _grid. The properties of the object are defined by
the options:
pos sets both the position of the _link on the grid and its
shape. _link starts in the column and row on the _grid
specified by first two numbers in the pos and spans the
number of columns and rows set by the second two numbers.
The alignment value is used to decide the orientation of
the link (links are always aligned at the center): east
and west links are straight and going from left to right,
north and south links are straight and going from far end
of the grid to near end, northeast, northwest, southeast
and southwest links are L-shaped and connect the
corresponding points of the compass, i.e. a northeast
link takes on the general shape of the Latin letter
``L''.
string
sets the ``tag'' for the _link which will be displayed in
the text window when the pointer is over the link.
_pipe pos ( [metric-list] [color-list] [tag] )
A _pipe object represent a set of cylinders, placed on top of
each other and oriented parallel to the base plane. The
diameter of a _pipe is equal to 80% of _baseHeight. The
number of blocks is dependent on the number of metric
instances in the metric-list. The colors in the color-list
are assigned in turn to each cylinder in the _pipe. The
length of the _pipe is defined by the _pipeLength.
pos defines the position of the _pipe on the enclosing _grid
and its orientation with alignment field used to define
at which end of the pipe to stack the colored cylinders.
The cylinders are stacked at the corresponding point of
the compass and the pipe's direction is from the point of
the compass towards the center of the compass. Only
east, west, north, and south are valid values for the
pipe's alignment.
The metrics, colors and label may be specified within the
brackets in any order. Only the metric-list is mandatory.
metric-list
A _pipe metric list contains a list of metric names and
normalization values:
_metrics ( metric real [metric real...] )
color-list
A _pipe color list may be named color list that was defined
earlier, or an unnamed color list:
_colorList name
_colorList ( color [color...] )
tag A _pipe may have a ``tag'' for the filler block (unanimated
block on the ``other'' end of the pipe) which will be
displayed in the text window when the pointer is over that
end of the pipe.
_pipeTag name|string
_stack [options] ( [metric-list] [color-list] [label] )
A _stack object represents a set of blocks placed vertically
on top of each other. The number of blocks is dependent on
the number of metric instances in the metric-list. The
colors in the color-list are assigned to each block in the
_stack. By default, the height of the _stack will be the sum
of the height of each block. The options that may be passed
to a _stack object are:
pos The position of the _stack object within the current
_grid object.
_show|_hide
Is the base plane visible? Default is _show.
_utilmod|_fillmod
Force the height of the stack to always be the maximum
height. This is achieved by normalizing the height of
each block (_utilmod), or by adding a grey block to the
top of the stack (_fillmod).
_cube|_cylinder
Set the shape of the blocks. The default is _cube.
The options must be specified in this order, although
preceding options are not required. Therefore, this is
legal:
_stack 1 1 _north _utilmod ( ... )
The metrics, colors and label may be specified within the
brackets in any order. Only the metric-list is mandatory.
metric-list
A _stack metric list contains a list of metric names and
normalization values:
_metrics ( metric real [metric real...] )
color-list
A _stack color list may be named color list that was
defined earlier, or an unnamed color list:
_colorList name
_colorList ( color [color...] )
label
A _fillmod type _stack may have a label for the filler
block:
_stackLabel name|string
_xing col row columns rows dir1 ... dir4
A _xing is a special kind of link which is used to draw a
pair of links which cross each other. To convey the visual
impression that the links do not join, one of the links is
drawn as a ``broken'' cylinder. col and row define the
position on the enclosing grid. columns and rows define the
size of the bounding box. The end points of the crossing
cylinders are placed exactly in the center of the corner
cells of the bounding box and four small cylinders or stubs
are used to join the perimeter of the bounding box with the
end points on the crossing cylinders. Four dir values define
the orientation of the stubs, starting at the upper left
corner of the _xing and proceeding clockwise, such that
respective stubs are used to join the point of the compass
with the center on the cell (see example).
