список блочных устройств (list block devices)
Имя (Name)
lsblk - list block devices
Синопсис (Synopsis)
lsblk [options] [device...]
Описание (Description)
lsblk lists information about all available or the specified
block devices. The lsblk command reads the sysfs filesystem and
udev db to gather information. If the udev db is not available or
lsblk is compiled without udev support, then it tries to read
LABELs, UUIDs and filesystem types from the block device. In this
case root permissions are necessary.
The command prints all block devices (except RAM disks) in a
tree-like format by default. Use lsblk --help to get a list of
all available columns.
The default output, as well as the default output from options
like --fs and --topology, is subject to change. So whenever
possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts.
Always explicitly define expected columns by using --output
columns-list and --list in environments where a stable output is
required.
Note that lsblk might be executed in time when udev does not have
all information about recently added or modified devices yet. In
this case it is recommended to use udevadm settle before lsblk to
synchronize with udev.
The relationship between block devices and filesystems is not
always one-to-one. The filesystem may use more block devices, or
the same filesystem may be accessible by more paths. This is the
reason why lsblk provides MOUNTPOINT and MOUNTPOINTS (pl.)
columns. The column MOUNTPOINT displays only one mount point
(usually the last mounted instance of the filesystem), and the
column MOUNTPOINTS displays by multi-line cell all mount points
associated with the device.
Параметры (Options)
-a, --all
Also list empty devices and RAM disk devices.
-b, --bytes
Print the SIZE column in bytes rather than in a
human-readable format.
-D, --discard
Print information about the discarding capabilities (TRIM,
UNMAP) for each device.
-d, --nodeps
Do not print holder devices or slaves. For example, lsblk
--nodeps /dev/sda prints information about the sda device
only.
-E, --dedup column
Use column as a de-duplication key to de-duplicate output
tree. If the key is not available for the device, or the
device is a partition and parental whole-disk device provides
the same key than the device is always printed.
The usual use case is to de-duplicate output on system
multi-path devices, for example by -E WWN.
-e, --exclude list
Exclude the devices specified by the comma-separated list of
major device numbers. Note that RAM disks (major=1) are
excluded by default if --all is not specified. The filter is
applied to the top-level devices only. This may be confusing
for --list output format where hierarchy of the devices is
not obvious.
-f, --fs
Output info about filesystems. This option is equivalent to
-o NAME,FSTYPE,FSVER,LABEL,UUID,FSAVAIL,FSUSE%,MOUNTPOINTS.
The authoritative information about filesystems and raids is
provided by the blkid(8) command.
-h, --help
Display help text and exit.
-I, --include list
Include devices specified by the comma-separated list of
major device numbers. The filter is applied to the top-level
devices only. This may be confusing for --list output format
where hierarchy of the devices is not obvious.
-i, --ascii
Use ASCII characters for tree formatting.
-J, --json
Use JSON output format. It's strongly recommended to use
--output and also --tree if necessary.
-l, --list
Produce output in the form of a list. The output does not
provide information about relationships between devices and
since version 2.34 every device is printed only once if
--pairs or --raw not specified (the parsable outputs are
maintained in backwardly compatible way).
-M, --merge
Group parents of sub-trees to provide more readable output
for RAIDs and Multi-path devices. The tree-like output is
required.
-m, --perms
Output info about device owner, group and mode. This option
is equivalent to -o NAME,SIZE,OWNER,GROUP,MODE.
-n, --noheadings
Do not print a header line.
-o, --output list
Specify which output columns to print. Use --help to get a
list of all supported columns. The columns may affect
tree-like output. The default is to use tree for the column
'NAME' (see also --tree).
The default list of columns may be extended if list is
specified in the format +list (e.g., lsblk -o +UUID).
-O, --output-all
Output all available columns.
-P, --pairs
Produce output in the form of key="value" pairs. The output
lines are still ordered by dependencies. All potentially
unsafe value characters are hex-escaped (\x<code>). The key
(variable name) will be modified to contain only characters
allowed for a shell variable identifiers, for example, MIN_IO
and FSUSE_PCT instead of MIN-IO and FSUSE%.
-p, --paths
Print full device paths.
-r, --raw
Produce output in raw format. The output lines are still
ordered by dependencies. All potentially unsafe characters
are hex-escaped (\x<code>) in the NAME, KNAME, LABEL,
PARTLABEL and MOUNTPOINT columns.
-S, --scsi
Output info about SCSI devices only. All partitions, slaves
and holder devices are ignored.
-s, --inverse
Print dependencies in inverse order. If the --list output is
requested then the lines are still ordered by dependencies.
-T, --tree[=column]
Force tree-like output format. If column is specified, then a
tree is printed in the column. The default is NAME column.
-t, --topology
Output info about block-device topology. This option is
equivalent to
-o
NAME,ALIGNMENT,MIN-IO,OPT-IO,PHY-SEC,LOG-SEC,ROTA,SCHED,RQ-SIZE,RA,WSAME.
-V, --version
Display version information and exit.
-w, --width number
Specifies output width as a number of characters. The default
is the number of the terminal columns, and if not executed on
a terminal, then output width is not restricted at all by
default. This option also forces lsblk to assume that
terminal control characters and unsafe characters are not
allowed. The expected use-case is for example when lsblk is
used by the watch(1) command.
-x, --sort column
Sort output lines by column. This option enables --list
output format by default. It is possible to use the option
--tree to force tree-like output and than the tree branches
are sorted by the column.
-z, --zoned
Print the zone model for each device.
--sysroot directory
Gather data for a Linux instance other than the instance from
which the lsblk command is issued. The specified directory is
the system root of the Linux instance to be inspected. The
real device nodes in the target directory can be replaced by
text files with udev attributes.
Статус выхода (Exit)
0
success
1
failure
32
none of specified devices found
64
some specified devices found, some not found
Окружение (Environment)
LSBLK_DEBUG=all
enables lsblk debug output.
LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all
enables libblkid debug output.
LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=all
enables libmount debug output.
LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG=all
enables libsmartcols debug output.
LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG_PADDING=on
use visible padding characters.
Примечание (Note)
For partitions, some information (e.g., queue attributes) is
inherited from the parent device.
The lsblk command needs to be able to look up each block device
by major:minor numbers, which is done by using /sys/dev/block.
This sysfs block directory appeared in kernel 2.6.27 (October
2008). In case of problems with a new enough kernel, check that
CONFIG_SYSFS was enabled at the time of the kernel build.
