зверь, обнюхивающий пакеты (the packet sniffing beast)
Имя (Name)
netsniff-ng - the packet sniffing beast
Синопсис (Synopsis)
netsniff-ng { [options] [filter-expression] }
Описание (Description)
netsniff-ng is a fast, minimal tool to analyze network packets,
capture pcap files, replay pcap files, and redirect traffic
between interfaces with the help of zero-copy packet(7) sockets.
netsniff-ng uses both Linux specific RX_RING and TX_RING
interfaces to perform zero-copy. This is to avoid copy and system
call overhead between kernel and user address space. When we
started working on netsniff-ng, the pcap(3) library did not use
this zero-copy facility.
netsniff-ng is Linux specific, meaning there is no support for
other operating systems. Therefore we can keep the code footprint
quite minimal and to the point. Linux packet(7) sockets and its
RX_RING and TX_RING interfaces bypass the normal packet
processing path through the networking stack. This is the
fastest capturing or transmission performance one can get from
user space out of the box, without having to load unsupported or
non-mainline third-party kernel modules. We explicitly refuse to
build netsniff-ng on top of ntop/PF_RING. Not because we do not
like it (we do find it interesting), but because of the fact that
it is not part of the mainline kernel. Therefore, the ntop
project has to maintain and sync out-of-tree drivers to adapt
them to their DNA. Eventually, we went for untainted Linux
kernel, since its code has a higher rate of review, maintenance,
security and bug fixes.
netsniff-ng also supports early packet filtering in the kernel.
It has support for low-level and high-level packet filters that
are translated into Berkeley Packet Filter instructions.
netsniff-ng can capture pcap files in several different pcap
formats that are interoperable with other tools. The following
pcap I/O methods are supported for efficient to-disc capturing:
scatter-gather, mmap(2), read(2), and write(2). netsniff-ng is
also able to rotate pcap files based on data size or time
intervals, thus, making it a useful backend tool for subsequent
traffic analysis.
netsniff-ng itself also supports analysis, replaying, and dumping
of raw 802.11 frames. For online or offline analysis, netsniff-ng
has a built-in packet dissector for the current 802.3 (Ethernet),
802.11* (WLAN), ARP, MPLS, 802.1Q (VLAN), 802.1QinQ, LLDP, IPv4,
IPv6, ICMPv4, ICMPv6, IGMP, TCP and UDP, including GeoIP location
analysis. Since netsniff-ng does not establish any state or
perform reassembly during packet dissection, its memory footprint
is quite low, thus, making netsniff-ng quite efficient for
offline analysis of large pcap files as well.
Note that netsniff-ng is currently not multithreaded. However,
this does not prevent you from starting multiple netsniff-ng
instances that are pinned to different, non-overlapping CPUs and
f.e. have different BPF filters attached. Likely that at some
point in time your harddisc might become a bottleneck assuming
you do not rotate such pcaps in ram (and from there periodically
scheduled move to slower medias). You can then use mergecap(1) to
transform all pcap files into a single large pcap file. Thus,
netsniff-ng then works multithreaded eventually.
netsniff-ng can also be used to debug netlink traffic.
