модуль счетчика логинов (подсчета) (The login counter (tallying) module)
Имя (Name)
pam_tally - The login counter (tallying) module
Синопсис (Synopsis)
pam_tally.so [file=/path/to/counter] [onerr=[fail|succeed]]
[magic_root] [even_deny_root_account] [deny=n]
[lock_time=n] [unlock_time=n] [per_user]
[no_lock_time] [no_reset] [audit] [silent]
[no_log_info]
pam_tally [--file /path/to/counter] [--user username]
[--reset[=n]] [--quiet]
Описание (Description)
This module maintains a count of attempted accesses, can reset
count on success, can deny access if too many attempts fail.
pam_tally has several limitations, which are solved with
pam_tally2. For this reason pam_tally is deprecated and will be
removed in a future release.
pam_tally comes in two parts: pam_tally.so and pam_tally. The
former is the PAM module and the latter, a stand-alone program.
pam_tally is an (optional) application which can be used to
interrogate and manipulate the counter file. It can display user
counts, set individual counts, or clear all counts. Setting
artificially high counts may be useful for blocking users without
changing their passwords. For example, one might find it useful
to clear all counts every midnight from a cron job. The
faillog(8) command can be used instead of pam_tally to to
maintain the counter file.
Normally, failed attempts to access root will not cause the root
account to become blocked, to prevent denial-of-service: if your
users aren't given shell accounts and root may only login via su
or at the machine console (not telnet/rsh, etc), this is safe.
Параметры (Options)
GLOBAL OPTIONS
This can be used for auth and account module types.
onerr=[fail|succeed]
If something weird happens (like unable to open the
file), return with PAM_SUCCESS if onerr=succeed is given,
else with the corresponding PAM error code.
file=/path/to/counter
File where to keep counts. Default is /var/log/faillog.
audit
Will log the user name into the system log if the user is
not found.
silent
Don't print informative messages.
no_log_info
Don't log informative messages via syslog(3).
AUTH OPTIONS
Authentication phase first checks if user should be denied
access and if not it increments attempted login counter. Then
on call to pam_setcred(3) it resets the attempts counter.
deny=n
Deny access if tally for this user exceeds n.
lock_time=n
Always deny for n seconds after failed attempt.
unlock_time=n
Allow access after n seconds after failed attempt. If
this option is used the user will be locked out for the
specified amount of time after he exceeded his maximum
allowed attempts. Otherwise the account is locked until
the lock is removed by a manual intervention of the
system administrator.
magic_root
If the module is invoked by a user with uid=0 the counter
is not incremented. The sysadmin should use this for user
launched services, like su, otherwise this argument
should be omitted.
no_lock_time
Do not use the .fail_locktime field in /var/log/faillog
for this user.
no_reset
Don't reset count on successful entry, only decrement.
even_deny_root_account
Root account can become unavailable.
per_user
If /var/log/faillog contains a non-zero
.fail_max/.fail_locktime field for this user then use it
instead of deny=n/ lock_time=n parameter.
no_lock_time
Don't use .fail_locktime filed in /var/log/faillog for
this user.
ACCOUNT OPTIONS
Account phase resets attempts counter if the user is not
magic root. This phase can be used optionally for services
which don't call pam_setcred(3) correctly or if the reset
should be done regardless of the failure of the account phase
of other modules.
magic_root
If the module is invoked by a user with uid=0 the counter
is not incremented. The sysadmin should use this for user
launched services, like su, otherwise this argument
should be omitted.
no_reset
Don't reset count on successful entry, only decrement.
Предоставляемые типы модулей (Module types provided)
The auth and account module types are provided.
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
PAM_AUTH_ERR
A invalid option was given, the module was not able to
retrieve the user name, no valid counter file was found, or
too many failed logins.
PAM_SUCCESS
Everything was successful.
PAM_USER_UNKNOWN
User not known.
Примеры (Examples)
Add the following line to /etc/pam.d/login to lock the account
after too many failed logins. The number of allowed fails is
specified by /var/log/faillog and needs to be set with pam_tally
or faillog(8) before.
auth required pam_securetty.so
auth required pam_tally.so per_user
auth required pam_env.so
auth required pam_unix.so
auth required pam_nologin.so
account required pam_unix.so
password required pam_unix.so
session required pam_limits.so
session required pam_unix.so
session required pam_lastlog.so nowtmp
session optional pam_mail.so standard
Файлы (Files)
/var/log/faillog
failure logging file
Смотри также (See also)
faillog(8), pam.conf(5), pam.d(5), pam(8)
