загрузите и сохраните случайное начальное число системы при загрузке и выключении (Load and save the system random seed at boot and shutdown)
Имя (Name)
systemd-random-seed.service, systemd-random-seed - Load and save
the system random seed at boot and shutdown
Синопсис (Synopsis)
systemd-random-seed.service
/usr/lib/systemd/random-seed
Описание (Description)
systemd-random-seed.service is a service that loads an on-disk
random seed into the kernel entropy pool during boot and saves it
at shutdown. See random(4) for details. By default, no entropy is
credited when the random seed is written into the kernel entropy
pool, but this may be changed with $SYSTEMD_RANDOM_SEED_CREDIT,
see below. On disk the random seed is stored in
/var/lib/systemd/random-seed.
Note that this service runs relatively late during the early boot
phase, i.e. generally after the initial RAM disk (initrd)
completed its work, and the /var/ file system has been mounted
writable. Many system services require entropy much earlier than
this — this service is hence of limited use for complex system.
It is recommended to use a boot loader that can pass an initial
random seed to the kernel to ensure that entropy is available
from earliest boot on, for example systemd-boot(7), with its
bootctl random-seed functionality.
When loading the random seed from disk, the file is immediately
updated with a new seed retrieved from the kernel, in order to
ensure no two boots operate with the same random seed. This new
seed is retrieved synchronously from the kernel, which means the
service will not complete start-up until the random pool is fully
initialized. On entropy-starved systems this may take a while.
This functionality is intended to be used as synchronization
point for ordering services that require an initialized entropy
pool to function securely (i.e. services that access /dev/urandom
without any further precautions).
Care should be taken when creating OS images that are replicated
to multiple systems: if the random seed file is included
unmodified each system will initialize its entropy pool with the
same data, and thus — if otherwise entropy-starved — generate the
same or at least guessable random seed streams. As a safety
precaution crediting entropy is thus disabled by default. It is
recommended to remove the random seed from OS images intended for
replication on multiple systems, in which case it is safe to
enable entropy crediting, see below.
See Random Seeds
Окружение (Environment)
$SYSTEMD_RANDOM_SEED_CREDIT
By default, systemd-random-seed.service does not credit any
entropy when loading the random seed. With this option this
behaviour may be changed: it either takes a boolean parameter
or the special string "force". Defaults to false, in which
case no entropy is credited. If true, entropy is credited if
the random seed file and system state pass various
superficial concisistency checks. If set to "force" entropy
is credited, regardless of these checks, as long as the
random seed file exists.
Смотри также (See also)
systemd(1), random(4), systemd-boot(7), bootctl(4)
Примечание (Note)
1. Random Seeds
https://systemd.io/RANDOM_SEEDS
