создавать, изменять и извлекать из архивов (create, modify, and extract from archives)
Имя (Name)
ar - create, modify, and extract from archives
Синопсис (Synopsis)
ar [-X32_64] [-]p[mod] [--plugin name] [--target bfdname]
[--output dirname] [--record-libdeps libdeps] [relpos] [count]
archive [member...]
Описание (Description)
The GNU ar program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives.
An archive is a single file holding a collection of other files
in a structure that makes it possible to retrieve the original
individual files (called members of the archive).
The original files' contents, mode (permissions), timestamp,
owner, and group are preserved in the archive, and can be
restored on extraction.
GNU ar can maintain archives whose members have names of any
length; however, depending on how ar is configured on your
system, a limit on member-name length may be imposed for
compatibility with archive formats maintained with other tools.
If it exists, the limit is often 15 characters (typical of
formats related to a.out) or 16 characters (typical of formats
related to coff).
ar is considered a binary utility because archives of this sort
are most often used as libraries holding commonly needed
subroutines. Since libraries often will depend on other
libraries, ar can also record the dependencies of a library when
the --record-libdeps option is specified.
ar creates an index to the symbols defined in relocatable object
modules in the archive when you specify the modifier s. Once
created, this index is updated in the archive whenever ar makes a
change to its contents (save for the q update operation). An
archive with such an index speeds up linking to the library, and
allows routines in the library to call each other without regard
to their placement in the archive.
You may use nm -s or nm --print-armap to list this index table.
If an archive lacks the table, another form of ar called ranlib
can be used to add just the table.
GNU ar can optionally create a thin archive, which contains a
symbol index and references to the original copies of the member
files of the archive. This is useful for building libraries for
use within a local build tree, where the relocatable objects are
expected to remain available, and copying the contents of each
object would only waste time and space.
An archive can either be thin or it can be normal. It cannot be
both at the same time. Once an archive is created its format
cannot be changed without first deleting it and then creating a
new archive in its place.
Thin archives are also flattened, so that adding one thin archive
to another thin archive does not nest it, as would happen with a
normal archive. Instead the elements of the first archive are
added individually to the second archive.
The paths to the elements of the archive are stored relative to
the archive itself.
GNU ar is designed to be compatible with two different
facilities. You can control its activity using command-line
options, like the different varieties of ar on Unix systems; or,
if you specify the single command-line option -M, you can control
it with a script supplied via standard input, like the MRI
"librarian" program.
