создание и уничтожение временных точек монтирования или автоматического монтирования (Establish and destroy transient mount or auto-mount points)
Имя (Name)
systemd-mount, systemd-umount - Establish and destroy transient
mount or auto-mount points
Синопсис (Synopsis)
systemd-mount [OPTIONS...] WHAT [WHERE]
systemd-mount [OPTIONS...] --list
systemd-mount [OPTIONS...] --umount WHAT|WHERE...
Описание (Description)
systemd-mount may be used to create and start a transient .mount
or .automount unit of the file system WHAT on the mount point
WHERE.
In many ways, systemd-mount is similar to the lower-level
mount(8) command, however instead of executing the mount
operation directly and immediately, systemd-mount schedules it
through the service manager job queue, so that it may pull in
further dependencies (such as parent mounts, or a file system
checker to execute a priori), and may make use of the
auto-mounting logic.
The command takes either one or two arguments. If only one
argument is specified it should refer to a block device or
regular file containing a file system (e.g. "/dev/sdb1" or
"/path/to/disk.img"). The block device or image file is then
probed for a file system label and other metadata, and is mounted
to a directory below /run/media/system/ whose name is generated
from the file system label. In this mode the block device or
image file must exist at the time of invocation of the command,
so that it may be probed. If the device is found to be a
removable block device (e.g. a USB stick), an automount point is
created instead of a regular mount point (i.e. the --automount=
option is implied, see below).
If two arguments are specified, the first indicates the mount
source (the WHAT) and the second indicates the path to mount it
on (the WHERE). In this mode no probing of the source is
attempted, and a backing device node doesn't have to exist.
However, if this mode is combined with --discover, device node
probing for additional metadata is enabled, and – much like in
the single-argument case discussed above – the specified device
has to exist at the time of invocation of the command.
Use the --list command to show a terse table of all local, known
block devices with file systems that may be mounted with this
command.
systemd-umount can be used to unmount a mount or automount point.
It is the same as systemd-mount --umount.
Параметры (Options)
The following options are understood:
--no-block
Do not synchronously wait for the requested operation to
finish. If this is not specified, the job will be verified,
enqueued and systemd-mount will wait until the mount or
automount unit's start-up is completed. By passing this
argument, it is only verified and enqueued.
-l, --full
Do not ellipsize the output when --list is specified.
--no-pager
Do not pipe output into a pager.
--no-legend
Do not print the legend, i.e. column headers and the footer
with hints.
--no-ask-password
Do not query the user for authentication for privileged
operations.
--quiet, -q
Suppresses additional informational output while running.
--discover
Enable probing of the mount source. This switch is implied if
a single argument is specified on the command line. If
passed, additional metadata is read from the device to
enhance the unit to create. For example, a descriptive string
for the transient units is generated from the file system
label and device model. Moreover if a removable block device
(e.g. USB stick) is detected an automount unit instead of a
regular mount unit is created, with a short idle timeout, in
order to ensure the file-system is placed in a clean state
quickly after each access.
--type=, -t
Specifies the file system type to mount (e.g. "vfat" or
"ext4"). If omitted or set to "auto", the file system type is
determined automatically.
--options=, -o
Additional mount options for the mount point.
--owner=USER
Let the specified user USER own the mounted file system. This
is done by appending uid= and gid= options to the list of
mount options. Only certain file systems support this option.
--fsck=
Takes a boolean argument, defaults to on. Controls whether to
run a file system check immediately before the mount
operation. In the automount case (see --automount= below) the
check will be run the moment the first access to the device
is made, which might slightly delay the access.
--description=
Provide a description for the mount or automount unit. See
Description= in systemd.unit(5).
--property=, -p
Sets a unit property for the mount unit that is created. This
takes an assignment in the same format as systemctl(1)'s
set-property command.
--automount=
Takes a boolean argument. Controls whether to create an
automount point or a regular mount point. If true an
automount point is created that is backed by the actual file
system at the time of first access. If false a plain mount
point is created that is backed by the actual file system
immediately. Automount points have the benefit that the file
system stays unmounted and hence in clean state until it is
first accessed. In automount mode the --timeout-idle-sec=
switch (see below) may be used to ensure the mount point is
unmounted automatically after the last access and an idle
period passed.
If this switch is not specified it defaults to false. If not
specified and --discover is used (or only a single argument
passed, which implies --discover, see above), and the file
system block device is detected to be removable, it is set to
true, in order to increase the chance that the file system is
in a fully clean state if the device is unplugged abruptly.
-A
Equivalent to --automount=yes.
--timeout-idle-sec=
Takes a time value that controls the idle timeout in
automount mode. If set to "infinity" (the default) no
automatic unmounts are done. Otherwise the file system
backing the automount point is detached after the last access
and the idle timeout passed. See systemd.time(7) for details
on the time syntax supported. This option has no effect if
only a regular mount is established, and automounting is not
used.
Note that if --discover is used (or only a single argument
passed, which implies --discover, see above), and the file
system block device is detected to be removable,
--timeout-idle-sec=1s is implied.
--automount-property=
Similar to --property=, but applies additional properties to
the automount unit created, instead of the mount unit.
--bind-device
This option only has an effect in automount mode, and
controls whether the automount unit shall be bound to the
backing device's lifetime. If set, the automount point will
be removed automatically when the backing device vanishes. By
default the automount point stays around, and subsequent
accesses will block until backing device is replugged. This
option has no effect in case of non-device mounts, such as
network or virtual file system mounts.
Note that if --discover is used (or only a single argument
passed, which implies --discover, see above), and the file
system block device is detected to be removable, this option
is implied.
--list
Instead of establishing a mount or automount point, print a
terse list of block devices containing file systems that may
be mounted with "systemd-mount", along with useful metadata
such as labels, etc.
-u, --umount
Stop the mount and automount units corresponding to the
specified mount points WHERE or the devices WHAT.
systemd-mount with this option or systemd-umount can take
multiple arguments which can be mount points, devices,
/etc/fstab style node names, or backing files corresponding
to loop devices, like systemd-mount --umount /path/to/umount
/dev/sda1 UUID=xxxxxx-xxxx LABEL=xxxxx /path/to/disk.img.
Note that when -H or -M is specified, only absolute paths to
mount points are supported.
-G, --collect
Unload the transient unit after it completed, even if it
failed. Normally, without this option, all mount units that
mount and failed are kept in memory until the user explicitly
resets their failure state with systemctl reset-failed or an
equivalent command. On the other hand, units that stopped
successfully are unloaded immediately. If this option is
turned on the "garbage collection" of units is more
aggressive, and unloads units regardless if they exited
successfully or failed. This option is a shortcut for
--property=CollectMode=inactive-or-failed, see the
explanation for CollectMode= in systemd.unit(5) for further
information.
--user
Talk to the service manager of the calling user, rather than
the service manager of the system.
--system
Talk to the service manager of the system. This is the
implied default.
-H, --host=
Execute the operation remotely. Specify a hostname, or a
username and hostname separated by "@", to connect to. The
hostname may optionally be suffixed by a port ssh is
listening on, separated by ":", and then a container name,
separated by "/", which connects directly to a specific
container on the specified host. This will use SSH to talk to
the remote machine manager instance. Container names may be
enumerated with machinectl -H HOST. Put IPv6 addresses in
brackets.
-M, --machine=
Execute operation on a local container. Specify a container
name to connect to, optionally prefixed by a user name to
connect as and a separating "@" character. If the special
string ".host" is used in place of the container name, a
connection to the local system is made (which is useful to
connect to a specific user's user bus: "--user
--machine=lennart@.host"). If the "@" syntax is not used, the
connection is made as root user. If the "@" syntax is used
either the left hand side or the right hand side may be
omitted (but not both) in which case the local user name and
".host" are implied.
-h, --help
Print a short help text and exit.
--version
Print a short version string and exit.
Статус выхода (Exit)
On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.
База данных UDEV (The Udev database)
If --discover is used, systemd-mount honors a couple of
additional udev properties of block devices:
SYSTEMD_MOUNT_OPTIONS=
The mount options to use, if --options= is not used.
SYSTEMD_MOUNT_WHERE=
The file system path to place the mount point at, instead of
the automatically generated one.
Примеры (Examples)
Use a udev rule like the following to automatically mount all USB
storage plugged in:
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{ID_FS_USAGE}=="filesystem", \
RUN{program}+="/usr/bin/systemd-mount --no-block --automount=yes --collect $devnode"
Смотри также (See also)
systemd(1), mount(8), systemctl(1), systemd.unit(5),
systemd.mount(5), systemd.automount(5), systemd-run(1)
