получить запись файла группы (get group file entry)
Имя (Name)
getgrnam, getgrnam_r, getgrgid, getgrgid_r - get group file entry
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <grp.h>
struct group *getgrnam(const char *name);
struct group *getgrgid(gid_t gid);
int getgrnam_r(const char *restrict name, struct group *restrict grp,
char *restrict buf, size_t buflen,
struct group **restrict result);
int getgrgid_r(gid_t gid, struct group *restrict grp,
char *restrict buf, size_t buflen,
struct group **restrict result);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
feature_test_macros(7)):
getgrnam_r(), getgrgid_r():
_POSIX_C_SOURCE
|| /* Glibc <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
Описание (Description)
The getgrnam() function returns a pointer to a structure
containing the broken-out fields of the record in the group
database (e.g., the local group file /etc/group, NIS, and LDAP)
that matches the group name name.
The getgrgid() function returns a pointer to a structure
containing the broken-out fields of the record in the group
database that matches the group ID gid.
The group structure is defined in <grp.h> as follows:
struct group {
char *gr_name; /* group name */
char *gr_passwd; /* group password */
gid_t gr_gid; /* group ID */
char **gr_mem; /* NULL-terminated array of pointers
to names of group members */
};
For more information about the fields of this structure, see
group(5).
The getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r() functions obtain the same
information as getgrnam() and getgrgid(), but store the retrieved
group structure in the space pointed to by grp. The string
fields pointed to by the members of the group structure are
stored in the buffer buf of size buflen. A pointer to the result
(in case of success) or NULL (in case no entry was found or an
error occurred) is stored in *result.
The call
sysconf(_SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX)
returns either -1, without changing errno, or an initial
suggested size for buf. (If this size is too small, the call
fails with ERANGE, in which case the caller can retry with a
larger buffer.)
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
The getgrnam() and getgrgid() functions return a pointer to a
group structure, or NULL if the matching entry is not found or an
error occurs. If an error occurs, errno is set to indicate the
error. If one wants to check errno after the call, it should be
set to zero before the call.
The return value may point to a static area, and may be
overwritten by subsequent calls to getgrent(3), getgrgid(), or
getgrnam(). (Do not pass the returned pointer to free(3).)
On success, getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r() return zero, and set
*result to grp. If no matching group record was found, these
functions return 0 and store NULL in *result. In case of error,
an error number is returned, and NULL is stored in *result.
Ошибки (Error)
0 or ENOENT or ESRCH or EBADF or EPERM or ...
The given name or gid was not found.
EINTR A signal was caught; see signal(7).
EIO I/O error.
EMFILE The per-process limit on the number of open file
descriptors has been reached.
ENFILE The system-wide limit on the total number of open files
has been reached.
ENOMEM Insufficient memory to allocate group structure.
ERANGE Insufficient buffer space supplied.
Файлы (Files)
/etc/group
local group database file
Атрибуты (Attributes)
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
┌──────────────┬───────────────┬─────────────────────────────────┐
│Interface │ Attribute │ Value │
├──────────────┼───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┤
│getgrnam() │ Thread safety │ MT-Unsafe race:grnam locale │
├──────────────┼───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┤
│getgrgid() │ Thread safety │ MT-Unsafe race:grgid locale │
├──────────────┼───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┤
│getgrnam_r(), │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe locale │
│getgrgid_r() │ │ │
└──────────────┴───────────────┴─────────────────────────────────┘
Стандарты (Conforming to)
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD.
Примечание (Note)
The formulation given above under "RETURN VALUE" is from POSIX.1.
It does not call "not found" an error, hence does not specify
what value errno might have in this situation. But that makes it
impossible to recognize errors. One might argue that according
to POSIX errno should be left unchanged if an entry is not found.
Experiments on various UNIX-like systems show that lots of
different values occur in this situation: 0, ENOENT, EBADF,
ESRCH, EWOULDBLOCK, EPERM, and probably others.
Смотри также (See also)
endgrent(3), fgetgrent(3), getgrent(3), getpwnam(3), setgrent(3),
group(5)
