запланировать выполнение команд в пакетной очереди (schedule commands to be executed in a batch queue)
Пролог (Prolog)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
Имя (Name)
batch — schedule commands to be executed in a batch queue
Синопсис (Synopsis)
batch
Описание (Description)
The batch utility shall read commands from standard input and
schedule them for execution in a batch queue. It shall be the
equivalent of the command:
at -q b -m now
where queue b is a special at queue, specifically for batch jobs.
Batch jobs shall be submitted to the batch queue with no time
constraints and shall be run by the system using algorithms,
based on unspecified factors, that may vary with each invocation
of batch.
Users shall be permitted to use batch if their name appears in
the file at.allow which is located in an implementation-defined
directory. If that file does not exist, the file at.deny, which
is located in an implementation-defined directory, shall be
checked to determine whether the user shall be denied access to
batch. If neither file exists, only a process with appropriate
privileges shall be allowed to submit a job. If only at.deny
exists and is empty, global usage shall be permitted. The
at.allow and at.deny files shall consist of one user name per
line.
Параметры (Options)
None.
Операнды (Operands)
None.
Стандартный ввод (Stdin)
The standard input shall be a text file consisting of commands
acceptable to the shell command language described in Chapter 2,
Shell Command Language.
Входные файлы (Input files)
The text files at.allow and at.deny, which are located in an
implementation-defined directory, shall contain zero or more user
names, one per line, of users who are, respectively, authorized
or denied access to the at and batch utilities.
Переменные окружения (Environment variables)
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
batch:
LANG Provide a default value for the internationalization
variables that are unset or null. (See the Base
Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 8.2,
Internationalization Variables for the precedence of
internationalization variables used to determine the
values of locale categories.)
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values
of all the other internationalization variables.
LC_CTYPE Determine the locale for the interpretation of
sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for
example, single-byte as opposed to multi-byte
characters in arguments and input files).
LC_MESSAGES
Determine the locale that should be used to affect the
format and contents of diagnostic messages written to
standard error and informative messages written to
standard output.
LC_TIME Determine the format and contents for date and time
strings written by batch.
NLSPATH Determine the location of message catalogs for the
processing of LC_MESSAGES.
SHELL Determine the name of a command interpreter to be used
to invoke the at-job. If the variable is unset or null,
sh shall be used. If it is set to a value other than a
name for sh, the implementation shall do one of the
following: use that shell; use sh; use the login shell
from the user database; any of the preceding
accompanied by a warning diagnostic about which was
chosen.
TZ Determine the timezone. The job shall be submitted for
execution at the time specified by timespec or -t time
relative to the timezone specified by the TZ variable.
If timespec specifies a timezone, it overrides TZ. If
timespec does not specify a timezone and TZ is unset or
null, an unspecified default timezone shall be used.
Асинхронные события (Asynchronous events)
Default.
Стандартный вывод (Stdout)
When standard input is a terminal, prompts of unspecified format
for each line of the user input described in the STDIN section
may be written to standard output.
Стандартный вывод сообщений (Stderr)
The following shall be written to standard error when a job has
been successfully submitted:
"job %s at %s\n", at_job_id, <date>
where date shall be equivalent in format to the output of:
date +"%a %b %e %T %Y"
The date and time written shall be adjusted so that they appear
in the timezone of the user (as determined by the TZ variable).
Neither this, nor warning messages concerning the selection of
the command interpreter, are considered a diagnostic that changes
the exit status.
Diagnostic messages, if any, shall be written to standard error.
Выходные файлы (Output files)
None.
Расширенное описание (Extended description)
None.
Статус выхода (Exit)
The following exit values shall be returned:
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
Последствия ошибок (Consequences of errors)
The job shall not be scheduled.
The following sections are informative.
Использование в приложениях (Application usage)
It may be useful to redirect standard output within the specified
commands.
Примеры (Examples)
1. This sequence can be used at a terminal:
batch
sort < file >outfile
EOT
2. This sequence, which demonstrates redirecting standard error
to a pipe, is useful in a command procedure (the sequence of
output redirection specifications is significant):
batch <<!
diff file1 file2 2>&1 >outfile | mailx mygroup
!
Обоснование (Rationale)
Early proposals described batch in a manner totally separated
from at, even though the historical model treated it almost as a
synonym for at -qb. A number of features were added to list and
control batch work separately from those in at. Upon further
reflection, it was decided that the benefit of this did not merit
the change to the historical interface.
The -m option was included on the equivalent at command because
it is historical practice to mail results to the submitter, even
if all job-produced output is redirected. As explained in the
RATIONALE for at, the now keyword submits the job for immediate
execution (after scheduling delays), despite some historical
systems where at now would have been considered an error.
Будущие направления (Future directions)
None.
Смотри также (See also)
at(1p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 8,
Environment Variables
