установить текущий языковой стандарт (set the current locale)
Имя (Name)
setlocale - set the current locale
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <locale.h>
char *setlocale(int category, const char *locale);
Описание (Description)
The setlocale() function is used to set or query the program's
current locale.
If locale is not NULL, the program's current locale is modified
according to the arguments. The argument category determines
which parts of the program's current locale should be modified.
Category Governs
LC_ALL All of the locale
LC_ADDRESS Formatting of addresses and geography-related
items (*)
LC_COLLATE String collation
LC_CTYPE Character classification
LC_IDENTIFICATION Metadata describing the locale (*)
LC_MEASUREMENT Settings related to measurements (metric
versus US customary) (*)
LC_MESSAGES Localizable natural-language messages
LC_MONETARY Formatting of monetary values
LC_NAME Formatting of salutations for persons (*)
LC_NUMERIC Formatting of nonmonetary numeric values
LC_PAPER Settings related to the standard paper size
(*)
LC_TELEPHONE Formats to be used with telephone services
(*)
LC_TIME Formatting of date and time values
The categories marked with an asterisk in the above table are GNU
extensions. For further information on these locale categories,
see locale(7).
The argument locale is a pointer to a character string containing
the required setting of category. Such a string is either a
well-known constant like "C" or "da_DK" (see below), or an opaque
string that was returned by another call of setlocale().
If locale is an empty string, "", each part of the locale that
should be modified is set according to the environment variables.
The details are implementation-dependent. For glibc, first
(regardless of category), the environment variable LC_ALL is
inspected, next the environment variable with the same name as
the category (see the table above), and finally the environment
variable LANG. The first existing environment variable is used.
If its value is not a valid locale specification, the locale is
unchanged, and setlocale() returns NULL.
The locale "C" or "POSIX" is a portable locale; it exists on all
conforming systems.
A locale name is typically of the form
language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier], where language is an
ISO 639 language code, territory is an ISO 3166 country code, and
codeset is a character set or encoding identifier like ISO-8859-1
or UTF-8. For a list of all supported locales, try "locale -a"
(see locale(1)).
If locale is NULL, the current locale is only queried, not
modified.
On startup of the main program, the portable "C" locale is
selected as default. A program may be made portable to all
locales by calling:
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
after program initialization, and then:
• using the values returned from a localeconv(3) call for locale-
dependent information;
• using the multibyte and wide character functions for text
processing if MB_CUR_MAX > 1;
• using strcoll(3) and strxfrm(3) to compare strings; and
• using wcscoll(3) and wcsxfrm(3) to compare wide-character
strings.
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
A successful call to setlocale() returns an opaque string that
corresponds to the locale set. This string may be allocated in
static storage. The string returned is such that a subsequent
call with that string and its associated category will restore
that part of the process's locale. The return value is NULL if
the request cannot be honored.
Атрибуты (Attributes)
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
┌───────────────────┬───────────────┬────────────────────────────┐
│Interface │ Attribute │ Value │
├───────────────────┼───────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
│setlocale() │ Thread safety │ MT-Unsafe const:locale env │
└───────────────────┴───────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
Стандарты (Conforming to)
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, C89, C99.
The C standards specify only the categories LC_ALL, LC_COLLATE,
LC_CTYPE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, and LC_TIME. POSIX.1 adds
LC_MESSAGES. The remaining categories are GNU extensions.
Смотри также (See also)
locale(1), localedef(1), isalpha(3), localeconv(3),
nl_langinfo(3), rpmatch(3), strcoll(3), strftime(3), charsets(7),
locale(7)
