операция присоединения к общей памяти XSI (XSI shared memory attach operation)
Пролог (Prolog)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
Имя (Name)
shmat — XSI shared memory attach operation
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <sys/shm.h>
void *shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg);
Описание (Description)
The shmat() function operates on XSI shared memory (see the Base
Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 3.346, Shared Memory
Object). It is unspecified whether this function interoperates
with the realtime interprocess communication facilities defined
in Section 2.8, Realtime.
The shmat() function attaches the shared memory segment
associated with the shared memory identifier specified by shmid
to the address space of the calling process. The segment is
attached at the address specified by one of the following
criteria:
* If shmaddr is a null pointer, the segment is attached at the
first available address as selected by the system.
* If shmaddr is not a null pointer and (shmflg &SHM_RND) is
non-zero, the segment is attached at the address given by
(shmaddr -((uintptr_t)shmaddr %SHMLBA)). The character '%' is
the C-language remainder operator.
* If shmaddr is not a null pointer and (shmflg &SHM_RND) is 0,
the segment is attached at the address given by shmaddr.
* The segment is attached for reading if (shmflg &SHM_RDONLY)
is non-zero and the calling process has read permission;
otherwise, if it is 0 and the calling process has read and
write permission, the segment is attached for reading and
writing.
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
Upon successful completion, shmat() shall increment the value of
shm_nattch in the data structure associated with the shared
memory ID of the attached shared memory segment and return the
segment's start address. Also, the shm_atime timestamp shall be
set to the current time, as described in Section 2.7.1, IPC
General Description.
Otherwise, the shared memory segment shall not be attached,
shmat() shall return (void *)-1, and errno shall be set to
indicate the error.
Ошибки (Error)
The shmat() function shall fail if:
EACCES Operation permission is denied to the calling process; see
Section 2.7, XSI Interprocess Communication.
EINVAL The value of shmid is not a valid shared memory
identifier, the shmaddr is not a null pointer, and the
value of (shmaddr -((uintptr_t)shmaddr %SHMLBA)) is an
illegal address for attaching shared memory; or the
shmaddr is not a null pointer, (shmflg &SHM_RND) is 0, and
the value of shmaddr is an illegal address for attaching
shared memory.
EMFILE The number of shared memory segments attached to the
calling process would exceed the system-imposed limit.
ENOMEM The available data space is not large enough to
accommodate the shared memory segment.
The following sections are informative.
Примеры (Examples)
None.
Использование в приложениях (Application usage)
The POSIX Realtime Extension defines alternative interfaces for
interprocess communication. Application developers who need to
use IPC should design their applications so that modules using
the IPC routines described in Section 2.7, XSI Interprocess
Communication can be easily modified to use the alternative
interfaces.
Обоснование (Rationale)
None.
Будущие направления (Future directions)
None.
Смотри также (See also)
Section 2.7, XSI Interprocess Communication, Section 2.8,
Realtime, exec(1p), exit(3p), fork(3p), shmctl(3p), shmdt(3p),
shmget(3p), shm_open(3p), shm_unlink(3p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 3.346,
Shared Memory Object, sys_shm.h(0p)
