установить параметры, связанные с терминалом (set the parameters associated with the terminal)
Пролог (Prolog)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
Имя (Name)
tcsetattr — set the parameters associated with the terminal
Синопсис (Synopsis)
#include <termios.h>
int tcsetattr(int fildes, int optional_actions,
const struct termios *termios_p);
Описание (Description)
The tcsetattr() function shall set the parameters associated with
the terminal referred to by the open file descriptor fildes (an
open file descriptor associated with a terminal) from the termios
structure referenced by termios_p as follows:
* If optional_actions is TCSANOW, the change shall occur
immediately.
* If optional_actions is TCSADRAIN, the change shall occur
after all output written to fildes is transmitted. This
function should be used when changing parameters that affect
output.
* If optional_actions is TCSAFLUSH, the change shall occur
after all output written to fildes is transmitted, and all
input so far received but not read shall be discarded before
the change is made.
If the output baud rate stored in the termios structure pointed
to by termios_p is the zero baud rate, B0, the modem control
lines shall no longer be asserted. Normally, this shall
disconnect the line.
If the input baud rate stored in the termios structure pointed to
by termios_p is 0, the input baud rate given to the hardware is
the same as the output baud rate stored in the termios structure.
The tcsetattr() function shall return successfully if it was able
to perform any of the requested actions, even if some of the
requested actions could not be performed. It shall set all the
attributes that the implementation supports as requested and
leave all the attributes not supported by the implementation
unchanged. If no part of the request can be honored, it shall
return -1 and set errno to [EINVAL]. If the input and output
baud rates differ and are a combination that is not supported,
neither baud rate shall be changed. A subsequent call to
tcgetattr() shall return the actual state of the terminal device
(reflecting both the changes made and not made in the previous
tcsetattr() call). The tcsetattr() function shall not change the
values found in the termios structure under any circumstances.
The effect of tcsetattr() is undefined if the value of the
termios structure pointed to by termios_p was not derived from
the result of a call to tcgetattr() on fildes; an application
should modify only fields and flags defined by this volume of
POSIX.1‐2017 between the call to tcgetattr() and tcsetattr(),
leaving all other fields and flags unmodified.
No actions defined by this volume of POSIX.1‐2017, other than a
call to tcsetattr(), a close of the last file descriptor in the
system associated with this terminal device, or an open of the
first file descriptor in the system associated with this terminal
device (using the O_TTY_INIT flag if it is non-zero and the
device is not a pseudo-terminal), shall cause any of the terminal
attributes defined by this volume of POSIX.1‐2017 to change.
If tcsetattr() is called from a process which is a member of a
background process group on a fildes associated with its
controlling terminal:
* If the calling thread is blocking SIGTTOU signals or the
process is ignoring SIGTTOU signals, the operation completes
normally and no signal is sent.
* Otherwise, a SIGTTOU signal shall be sent to the process
group.
Возвращаемое значение (Return value)
Upon successful completion, 0 shall be returned. Otherwise, -1
shall be returned and errno set to indicate the error.
Ошибки (Error)
The tcsetattr() function shall fail if:
EBADF The fildes argument is not a valid file descriptor.
EINTR A signal interrupted tcsetattr().
EINVAL The optional_actions argument is not a supported value, or
an attempt was made to change an attribute represented in
the termios structure to an unsupported value.
EIO The process group of the writing process is orphaned, the
calling thread is not blocking SIGTTOU, and the process is
not ignoring SIGTTOU.
ENOTTY The file associated with fildes is not a terminal.
The following sections are informative.
Примеры (Examples)
None.
Использование в приложениях (Application usage)
If trying to change baud rates, applications should call
tcsetattr() then call tcgetattr() in order to determine what baud
rates were actually selected.
In general, there are two reasons for an application to change
the parameters associated with a terminal device:
1. The device already has working parameter settings but the
application needs a different behavior, such as non-canonical
mode instead of canonical mode. The application sets (or
clears) only a few flags or c_cc[] values. Typically, the
terminal device in this case is either the controlling
terminal for the process or a pseudo-terminal.
2. The device is a modem or similar piece of equipment connected
by a serial line, and it was not open before the application
opened it. In this case, the application needs to initialize
all of the parameter settings ``from scratch''. However,
since the termios structure may include both standard and
non-standard parameters, the application cannot just
initialize the whole structure in an arbitrary way (e.g.,
using memset()) as this may cause some of the non-standard
parameters to be set incorrectly, resulting in non-conforming
behavior of the terminal device. Conversely, the application
cannot just set the standard parameters, assuming that the
non-standard parameters will already have suitable values, as
the device might previously have been used with non-
conforming parameter settings (and some implementations
retain the settings from one use to the next). The solution
is to open the terminal device using the O_TTY_INIT flag to
initialize the terminal device to have conforming parameter
settings, obtain those settings using tcgetattr(), and then
set all of the standard parameters to the desired settings.
Обоснование (Rationale)
The tcsetattr() function can be interrupted in the following
situations:
* It is interrupted while waiting for output to drain.
* It is called from a process in a background process group and
SIGTTOU is caught.
See also the RATIONALE section in tcgetattr(3p).
Будущие направления (Future directions)
Using an input baud rate of 0 to set the input rate equal to the
output rate may not necessarily be supported in a future version
of this volume of POSIX.1‐2017.
Смотри также (See also)
cfgetispeed(3p), tcgetattr(3p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 11, General
Terminal Interface, termios.h(0p)
