типы файловых систем Linux: ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, hpfs, iso9660, JFS, minix, msdos, ncpfs nfs, ntfs, proc, Reiserfs, smb, sysv, umsdos, vfat, XFS, xiafs (Linux filesystem types: ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, hpfs, iso9660, JFS, minix, msdos, ncpfs nfs, ntfs, proc, Reiserfs, smb, sysv, umsdos, vfat, XFS, xiafs)
Имя (Name)
filesystems - Linux filesystem types: ext, ext2, ext3, ext4,
hpfs, iso9660, JFS, minix, msdos, ncpfs nfs, ntfs, proc,
Reiserfs, smb, sysv, umsdos, vfat, XFS, xiafs
Описание (Description)
When, as is customary, the proc filesystem is mounted on /proc,
you can find in the file /proc/filesystems which filesystems your
kernel currently supports; see proc(5) for more details. There
is also a legacy sysfs(2) system call (whose availability is
controlled by the CONFIG_SYSFS_SYSCALL kernel build configuration
option since Linux 3.15) that enables enumeration of the
currently available filesystem types regardless of /proc
availability and/or sanity.
If you need a currently unsupported filesystem, insert the
corresponding kernel module or recompile the kernel.
In order to use a filesystem, you have to mount it; see mount(2)
and mount(8).
The following list provides a short description of the available
or historically available filesystems in the Linux kernel. See
the kernel documentation for a comprehensive description of all
options and limitations.
ext is an elaborate extension of the minix filesystem. It has
been completely superseded by the second version of the
extended filesystem (ext2) and has been removed from the
kernel (in 2.1.21).
ext2 is the high performance disk filesystem used by Linux for
fixed disks as well as removable media. The second
extended filesystem was designed as an extension of the
extended filesystem (ext). See ext2(5).
ext3 is a journaling version of the ext2 filesystem. It is
easy to switch back and forth between ext2 and ext3. See
ext3(5).
ext4 is a set of upgrades to ext3 including substantial
performance and reliability enhancements, plus large
increases in volume, file, and directory size limits. See
ext4(5).
hpfs is the High Performance Filesystem, used in OS/2. This
filesystem is read-only under Linux due to the lack of
available documentation.
iso9660
is a CD-ROM filesystem type conforming to the ISO 9660
standard.
High Sierra
Linux supports High Sierra, the precursor to the
ISO 9660 standard for CD-ROM filesystems. It is
automatically recognized within the iso9660
filesystem support under Linux.
Rock Ridge
Linux also supports the System Use Sharing Protocol
records specified by the Rock Ridge Interchange
Protocol. They are used to further describe the
files in the iso9660 filesystem to a UNIX host, and
provide information such as long filenames,
UID/GID, POSIX permissions, and devices. It is
automatically recognized within the iso9660
filesystem support under Linux.
JFS is a journaling filesystem, developed by IBM, that was
integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.24.
minix is the filesystem used in the Minix operating system, the
first to run under Linux. It has a number of
shortcomings, including a 64 MB partition size limit,
short filenames, and a single timestamp. It remains
useful for floppies and RAM disks.
msdos is the filesystem used by DOS, Windows, and some OS/2
computers. msdos filenames can be no longer than 8
characters, followed by an optional period and 3 character
extension.
ncpfs is a network filesystem that supports the NCP protocol,
used by Novell NetWare. It was removed from the kernel in
4.17.
To use ncpfs, you need special programs, which can be
found at ⟨ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/ncpfs⟩.
nfs is the network filesystem used to access disks located on
remote computers.
ntfs is the filesystem native to Microsoft Windows NT,
supporting features like ACLs, journaling, encryption, and
so on.
proc is a pseudo filesystem which is used as an interface to
kernel data structures rather than reading and
interpreting /dev/kmem. In particular, its files do not
take disk space. See proc(5).
Reiserfs
is a journaling filesystem, designed by Hans Reiser, that
was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.1.
smb is a network filesystem that supports the SMB protocol,
used by Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT, and Lan
Manager. See ⟨https://www.samba.org/samba/smbfs/⟩.
sysv is an implementation of the System V/Coherent filesystem
for Linux. It implements all of Xenix FS, System V/386
FS, and Coherent FS.
umsdos is an extended DOS filesystem used by Linux. It adds
capability for long filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions,
and special files (devices, named pipes, etc.) under the
DOS filesystem, without sacrificing compatibility with
DOS.
tmpfs is a filesystem whose contents reside in virtual memory.
Since the files on such filesystems typically reside in
RAM, file access is extremely fast. See tmpfs(5).
vfat is an extended FAT filesystem used by Microsoft Windows95
and Windows NT. vfat adds the capability to use long
filenames under the MSDOS filesystem.
XFS is a journaling filesystem, developed by SGI, that was
integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.20.
xiafs was designed and implemented to be a stable, safe
filesystem by extending the Minix filesystem code. It
provides the basic most requested features without undue
complexity. The xiafs filesystem is no longer actively
developed or maintained. It was removed from the kernel
in 2.1.21.
Смотри также (See also)
fuse(4), btrfs(5), ext2(5), ext3(5), ext4(5), nfs(5), proc(5),
sysfs(5), tmpfs(5), xfs(5), fsck(8), mkfs(8), mount(8)
