Apache: директива VirtualHost

Директивы Apache

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Список директив: Core | ModRewrite | Lua | Proxy | SSL

Директива VirtualHost

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Description:	Contains directives that apply only to a specific hostname or IP address
Syntax:	`<VirtualHost addr[:port] [addr[:port]] ...> ... </VirtualHost>`
Context:	server config
Status:	Core
Module:	core

<VirtualHost> and </VirtualHost> are used to enclose a group of directives that will apply only to a particular virtual host. Any directive that is allowed in a virtual host context may be used. When the server receives a request for a document on a particular virtual host, it uses the configuration directives enclosed in the <VirtualHost> section. Addr can be any of the following, optionally followed by a colon and a port number (or *):

The IP address of the virtual host;
A fully qualified domain name for the IP address of the virtual host (not recommended);
The character * , which acts as a wildcard and matches any IP address.
The string _default_ , which is an alias for *

<VirtualHost 10.1.2.3:80>
 ServerAdmin webmaster@host.example.com
 DocumentRoot "/www/docs/host.example.com"
 ServerName host.example.com
 ErrorLog "logs/host.example.com-error_log"
 TransferLog "logs/host.example.com-access_log"
</VirtualHost>

IPv6 addresses must be specified in square brackets because the optional port number could not be determined otherwise. An IPv6 example is shown below:

<VirtualHost [2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea]:80>
 ServerAdmin webmaster@host.example.com
 DocumentRoot "/www/docs/host.example.com"
 ServerName host.example.com
 ErrorLog "logs/host.example.com-error_log"
 TransferLog "logs/host.example.com-access_log"
</VirtualHost>

Each Virtual Host must correspond to a different IP address, different port number, or a different host name for the server, in the former case the server machine must be configured to accept IP packets for multiple addresses. (If the machine does not have multiple network interfaces, then this can be accomplished with the ifconfig alias command -- if your OS supports it).

Note

The use of <VirtualHost> does not affect what addresses Apache httpd listens on. You may need to ensure that Apache httpd is listening on the correct addresses using Listen .

A ServerName should be specified inside each <VirtualHost> block. If it is absent, the ServerName from the "main" server configuration will be inherited.

When a request is received, the server first maps it to the best matching <VirtualHost> based on the local IP address and port combination only. Non-wildcards have a higher precedence. If no match based on IP and port occurs at all, the "main" server configuration is used.

If multiple virtual hosts contain the best matching IP address and port, the server selects from these virtual hosts the best match based on the requested hostname. If no matching name-based virtual host is found, then the first listed virtual host that matched the IP address will be used. As a consequence, the first listed virtual host for a given IP address and port combination is the default virtual host for that IP and port combination.

Security

See the security tips document for details on why your security could be compromised if the directory where log files are stored is writable by anyone other than the user that starts the server.

Note

Security

See also