In most cases Nping sends packets at the raw IP level. This means
that Nping creates its own IP packets and transmits them through
a raw socket. However, in some cases it may be necessary to send
packets at the raw Ethernet level. This happens, for example,
when Nping is run under Windows (as Microsoft has disabled raw
socket support since Windows XP SP2), or when Nping is asked to
send ARP packets. Since in some cases it is necessary to
construct ethernet frames, Nping offers some options to
manipulate the different fields.
--dest-mac mac (Ethernet Destination MAC Address)
This option sets the destination MAC address that should be
set in outgoing Ethernet frames. This is useful in case Nping
can't determine the next hop's MAC address or when you want
to route probes through a router other than the configured
default gateway. The MAC address should have the usual format
of six colon-separated bytes, e.g. 00:50:56:d4:01:98.
Alternatively, hyphens may be used instead of colons. Use the
word random or rand to generate a random address, and
broadcast or bcast to use ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff. If you set up a
bogus destination MAC address your probes may not reach the
intended targets.
--source-mac mac (Ethernet Source MAC Address)
This option sets the source MAC address that should be set in
outgoing Ethernet frames. This is useful in case Nping can't
determine your network interface MAC address or when you want
to inject traffic into the network while hiding your network
card's real address. The syntax is the same as for
--dest-mac. If you set up a bogus source MAC address you may
not receive probe replies.
--ether-type type (Ethertype)
This option sets the Ethertype field of the ethernet frame.
The Ethertype is used to indicate which protocol is
encapsulated in the payload. type can be supplied in two
different ways. You can use the official numbers listed by
the IEEE--ether-type 0x0800 for IP version 4), or
one of the mnemonics from the section called 'Ethernet
Types'.
Ethernet Types
These identifiers may be used as mnemonics for the Ethertype
numbers given to the --arp-type option.
ipv4, ip, 4
Internet Protocol version 4 (type 0x0800).
ipv6, 6
Internet Protocol version 6 (type 0x86DD).
arp
Address Resolution Protocol (type 0x0806).
rarp
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (type 0x8035).
frame-relay, frelay, fr
Frame Relay (type 0x0808).
ppp
Point-to-Point Protocol (type 0x880B).
gsmp
General Switch Management Protocol (type 0x880C).
mpls
Multiprotocol Label Switching (type 0x8847).
mps-ual, mps
Multiprotocol Label Switching with Upstream-assigned Label
(type 0x8848).
mcap
Multicast Channel Allocation Protocol (type 0x8861).
pppoe-discovery, pppoe-d
PPP over Ethernet Discovery Stage (type 0x8863).
pppoe-session, pppoe-s
PPP over Ethernet Session Stage (type 0x8864).
ctag
Customer VLAN Tag Type (type 0x8100).
epon
Ethernet Passive Optical Network (type 0x8808).
pbnac
Port-based network access control (type 0x888E).
stag
Service VLAN tag identifier (type 0x88A8).
ethexp1
Local Experimental Ethertype 1 (type 0x88B5).
ethexp2
Local Experimental Ethertype 2 (type 0x88B6).
ethoui
OUI Extended Ethertype (type 0x88B7).
preauth
Pre-Authentication (type 0x88C7).
lldp
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (type 0x88CC).
mac-security, mac-sec, macsec
Media Access Control Security (type 0x88E5).
mvrp
Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol (type 0x88F5).
mmrp
Multiple Multicast Registration Protocol (type 0x88F6).
frrr
Fast Roaming Remote Request (type 0x890D).
